Serra Valentina, Salvatori Giancarlo, Pastorelli Grazia
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Science for Health "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Sep 3;10(9):1835. doi: 10.3390/plants10091835.
Increasing consumption of cereals has been associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases, as they contain phytochemicals that combat oxidative stress. Cereal contamination by the "emerging mycotoxins" beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENs) is a worldwide health problem that has not yet received adequate scientific attention. Their presence in feeds represents a risk for animals and a potential risk for humans because of their carry-over to animal-derived products. This preliminary study aimed to investigate if the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of corn, barley, and wheat flours could be influenced by contamination with increasing levels of BEA and ENN B. The highest TAC value was observed in barley compared with wheat and corn ( < 0.001) before and after contamination. No effect of mycotoxin or mycotoxin level was found, whereas cereal x mycotoxin exhibited a significant effect ( < 0.001), showing a lower TAC value in wheat contaminated by ENN B and in barley contaminated by BEA. In conclusion, barley is confirmed as a source of natural antioxidants with antiradical potentials. Additional studies with a larger sample size are necessary to confirm the obtained results, and investigations of the toxic effects of these emergent mycotoxins on animals and humans should be deepened.
谷物消费量的增加与多种慢性疾病风险的降低有关，因为它们含有对抗氧化应激的植物化学物质。谷物被 “新兴霉菌毒素” 白僵菌素（BEA）和恩镰孢菌素（ENs）污染是一个全球性的健康问题，尚未得到足够的科学关注。它们在饲料中的存在对动物构成风险，由于其会残留在动物源性产品中，因此对人类也存在潜在风险。这项初步研究旨在调查玉米、大麦和小麦粉的总抗氧化能力（TAC）是否会受到BEA和恩镰孢菌素B（ENN B）污染水平增加的影响。在污染前后，与小麦和玉米相比，大麦的TAC值最高（<0.001）。未发现霉菌毒素或霉菌毒素水平的影响，而谷物×霉菌毒素显示出显著影响（<0.001），表明被ENN B污染的小麦和被BEA污染的大麦中的TAC值较低。总之，大麦被确认为具有抗自由基潜力的天然抗氧化剂来源。需要进行更多样本量的研究来证实所得结果，并且应深入研究这些新兴霉菌毒素对动物和人类的毒性作用。
