Yolcu Seher, Alavilli Hemasundar, Ganesh Pushpalatha, Panigrahy Madhusmita, Song Kihwan
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Sep 5;10(9):1843. doi: 10.3390/plants10091843.
Cultivated beets, including leaf beets, garden beets, fodder beets, and sugar beets, which belong to the species L., are economically important edible crops that have been originated from a halophytic wild ancestor, L. (sea beet or wild beet). Salt and drought are major abiotic stresses, which limit crop growth and production and have been most studied in beets compared to other environmental stresses. Characteristically, beets are salt- and drought-tolerant crops; however, prolonged and persistent exposure to salt and drought stress results in a significant drop in beet productivity and yield. Hence, to harness the best benefits of beet cultivation, knowledge of stress-coping strategies, and stress-tolerant beet varieties, are prerequisites. In the current review, we have summarized morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of sugar beet, fodder beet, red beet, chard ( L.), and their ancestor, wild beet ( L.) under salt and drought stresses. We have also described the beet genes and noncoding RNAs previously reported for their roles in salt and drought response/tolerance. The plant biologists and breeders can potentiate the utilization of these resources as prospective targets for developing crops with abiotic stress tolerance.
栽培甜菜，包括叶用甜菜、园用甜菜、饲料甜菜和糖用甜菜，属于 Beta vulgaris L. 物种，是具有经济重要性的食用作物，其起源于一种盐生野生祖先 Beta maritima L.（海甜菜或野生甜菜）。盐和干旱是主要的非生物胁迫，它们限制作物生长和产量，与其他环境胁迫相比，甜菜对其研究最多。典型的是，甜菜是耐盐和耐旱作物；然而，长期持续暴露于盐和干旱胁迫会导致甜菜生产力和产量显著下降。因此，为了充分利用甜菜种植的最大益处，了解应激应对策略和耐胁迫甜菜品种是先决条件。在当前的综述中，我们总结了糖用甜菜、饲料甜菜、红甜菜、叶用甜菜（Beta vulgaris L.）及其祖先野生甜菜（Beta maritima L.）在盐和干旱胁迫下的形态生理、生化和分子反应。我们还描述了先前报道的甜菜基因和非编码RNA在盐和干旱响应/耐受中的作用。植物生物学家和育种者可以加强对这些资源的利用，将其作为培育具有非生物胁迫耐受性作物的潜在目标。
