Feng Jingyu, Huang Zhe, Zhang Yongbin, Rui Wenjing, Lei Xihong, Li Zhifang
Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Yuanmingyuanxilu 2, Beijing 100193, China.
Beijing Agricultural Extention Station, Huixinxili 10, Changyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Sep 18;10(9):1948. doi: 10.3390/plants10091948.
The symbiosis and beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) on plants have been widely reported; however, the effects might be unascertained in tomato industry production with coconut coir due to the nutrition solution supply, or alternatively with isolate-specific. Five isolates of AM fungi were collected from soils of differing geographical origins, identified as and evidenced closing evolutionary distances with the covering of the small subunit (SSU) rDNA regions and Pi transporter gene (PT1) sequences. The effects of these isolates on the colonization rates, plant growth, yield, and nutrition uptake were analyzed in tomato nutrition solution production with growing seasons of spring-summer and autumn-winter. Our result indicated that with isolate-specific effects, irrespective of geographical or the SSU rDNA and PT1 sequences evolution distance, two isolates (A2 and NYN1) had the most yield benefits for plants of both growing seasons, one (E2) had weaker effects and the remaining two (A2 and T6) had varied seasonal-specific effects. Inoculation with effective isolates induced significant increases of 29.0-38.0% (isolate X5, T6) and 34.6-36.5% (isolate NYN1, T6) in the plant tissues respective nitrogen and phosphorus content; the plant biomass increased by 18.4-25.4% (isolate T6, NYN1), and yields increased by 8.8-12.0% (isolate NYN1, A2) compared with uninoculated plants. The maximum root biomass increased by 28.3% (isolate T6) and 55.1% (isolate E2) in the autumn-winter and spring-summer growing seasons, respectively. This strong effect on root biomass was even more significant in an industry culture with a small volume of substrate per plant. Our results reveal the potential benefits of using selected effective isolates as a renewable resource that can overcome the suppressing effects of sufficient nutrient availability on colonization rates, while increasing the yields of industrially produced tomatoes in nutrition solution with coconut coir.
丛枝菌根真菌（AM真菌）与植物的共生关系及其有益作用已被广泛报道；然而，在番茄无土栽培产业中，由于营养液供应或菌株特异性，其效果可能难以确定。从不同地理来源的土壤中收集了5株AM真菌菌株，经鉴定并通过小亚基（SSU）rDNA区域和磷转运蛋白基因（PT1）序列分析，证明它们具有较近的进化距离。在春夏季和秋冬季的番茄营养液栽培中，分析了这些菌株对定殖率、植株生长、产量和养分吸收的影响。我们的结果表明，由于菌株特异性效应，无论地理来源或SSU rDNA和PT1序列的进化距离如何，有两个菌株（A2和NYN1）对两个生长季的植株产量提升效果最为显著，一个菌株（E2）的效果较弱，其余两个菌株（A5和T6）具有不同的季节特异性效应。接种有效菌株可使植物组织中的氮、磷含量分别显著增加29.0 - 38.0%（菌株X5、T6）和34.6 - 36.5%（菌株NYN1、T6）；与未接种的植株相比，植物生物量增加了18.4 - 25.4%（菌株T6、NYN1），产量增加了8.8 - 12.0%（菌株NYN1、A2）。在秋冬季和春夏季生长季，最大根生物量分别增加了28.3%（菌株T6）和55.1%（菌株E2）。在每株植物基质体积较小的工业栽培中这种对根生物量的显著影响更为明显。我们的结果揭示了使用选定有效菌株作为可再生资源的潜在益处，这可以克服充足养分供应对定殖率的抑制作用，同时提高在以椰糠为基质的营养液中工业生产番茄的产量。
