Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
BMJ Open. 2021 Sep 27;11(9):e050138. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050138.
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the frontline of efforts to treat those affected by COVID-19 and prevent its continued spread. This study seeks to assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) as well as training needs and preferences related to COVID-19 among frontline HCWs in Nigeria.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 1852 HCWs in primary, secondary and tertiary care settings across Nigeria using a 33-item questionnaire.
Respondents included doctors, nurses, pharmacy and clinical laboratory professionals who have direct clinical contact with patients at the various healthcare settings.
Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to establish independent factors related to COVID-19 KAP. Analysis of variance was used to identify any differences in the factors among different categories of HCWs.
EFA identified four factors: safety and prevention (factor 1), practice and knowledge (factor 2), control and mitigation (factor 3) and national perceptions (factor 4). Significant group differences were found on three factors: Factor 1 (F(1,1655)=5.79, p=0.0006), factor 3 (F(1,1633)=12.9, p<0.0.0001) and factor 4 (F(1,1655)=7.31, p<0.0001) with doctors scoring higher on these three factors when compared with nurses, pharmaceutical workers and medical laboratory scientist. The most endorsed training need was how to reorganise the workplace to prevent spread of COVID-19. This was chosen by 61.8% of medical laboratory professionals, 55.6% of doctors, 51.7% of nurses and 51.6% of pharmaceutical health workers. The most preferred modes of training were webinars and conferences.
There were substantial differences in KAP regarding the COVID-19 pandemic among various categories of frontline HCWs surveyed. There were also group differences on COVID-19 training needs and preferences. Tailored health education and training aimed at enhancing and updating COVID-19 KAP are needed, particularly among non-physician HCWs.
医疗工作者（HCWs）是治疗 COVID-19 患者和防止其继续传播的前线人员。本研究旨在评估尼日利亚前线 HCWs 对 COVID-19 的知识、态度和实践（KAP）以及与 COVID-19 相关的培训需求和偏好。
在尼日利亚的初级、二级和三级保健机构中，对 1852 名 HCWs 进行了横断面调查，使用了 33 项问卷。
受访者包括在各医疗机构与患者有直接临床接触的医生、护士、药剂师和临床实验室专业人员。
采用探索性因子分析（EFA）确定与 COVID-19 KAP 相关的独立因素。方差分析用于确定不同类别的 HCWs 之间在这些因素方面的差异。
EFA 确定了四个因素：安全与预防（因素 1）、实践与知识（因素 2）、控制与缓解（因素 3）和国家认知（因素 4）。在三个因素上发现了显著的组间差异：因素 1（F（1，1655）=5.79，p=0.0006）、因素 3（F（1，1633）=12.9，p<0.0.0001）和因素 4（F（1，1655）=7.31，p<0.0001），与护士、药剂师和医学实验室科学家相比，医生在这三个因素上的得分更高。最受认可的培训需求是如何重新组织工作场所以防止 COVID-19 的传播。这一选择得到了 61.8%的医学实验室专业人员、55.6%的医生、51.7%的护士和 51.6%的药剂师的认可。最受欢迎的培训模式是网络研讨会和会议。
在所调查的不同类别的前线 HCWs 中，对 COVID-19 大流行的 KAP 存在很大差异。在 COVID-19 培训需求和偏好方面也存在群体差异。需要针对非医师 HCWs 开展有针对性的健康教育和培训，以增强和更新 COVID-19 KAP。
