Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Scand Cardiovasc J. 2021 Dec;55(6):340-344. doi: 10.1080/14017431.2021.1983638. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Christmas holidays have been associated with the highest incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). We wanted to assess possible triggers of MI during Christmas. A nationwide, retrospective postal survey with case-control design. All individuals suffering an MI during the Christmas holidays 2018 and 2019 in Sweden were identified through the SWEDEHEART registry and a control group matched in age and gender with chronic coronary syndrome who did not seek medical attention during Christmas were asked for participation. Subjects completed a questionnaire asking them to rate 27 potential MI-triggers as having occurred more or less than usual. A total of 189 patients suffering an MI on Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, or Boxing Day, and 157 patients in the control group responded to the questionnaire, representing response rates of 66% and 62%, respectively. Patients with MI on Christmas experienced more stress (37% vs. 21%, = .002), depression (21% vs. 11%, = .024), and worry (26% vs. 10%, < .001) compared to the control group. The food and sweets consumption was increased in both groups, but to a greater extent in the control group (33% vs. 50%, = .002 and 32% vs. 43%, = .031). There were no increases in quarrels, anger, economic worries, or reduced compliance with medication. Patients suffering MI on Christmas holiday experienced higher levels of stress and emotional distress compared to patients with chronic coronary syndrome, possibly contributing to the phenomenon of holiday heart attack. Understanding what factors increase the number of MI on Christmas may help reduce the excess number of MIs and cardiovascular burden.
圣诞节期间心肌梗死（MI）的发病率最高。我们想评估圣诞节期间 MI 的可能诱因。一项全国性的、回顾性的、基于病例对照的邮寄调查。通过 SWEDEHEART 登记处确定了瑞典在 2018 年和 2019 年圣诞节期间发生 MI 的所有个体，并邀请在圣诞节期间未寻求医疗帮助的慢性冠状动脉综合征且年龄和性别相匹配的对照组参与。受试者完成了一份问卷，要求他们对 27 个潜在的 MI 诱因进行评分，以了解这些诱因是否比平时更频繁地发生。共有 189 名在平安夜、圣诞节或节礼日发生 MI 的患者和 157 名对照组患者回答了问卷，应答率分别为 66%和 62%。与对照组相比，在圣诞节发生 MI 的患者经历了更多的压力（37%比 21%， = .002）、抑郁（21%比 11%， = .024）和担忧（26%比 10%， < .001）。两组患者的食物和甜食摄入量均增加，但对照组增加更为明显（33%比 50%， = .002 和 32%比 43%， = .031）。两组患者的争吵、愤怒、经济担忧或药物依从性降低均无增加。与慢性冠状动脉综合征患者相比，在圣诞节假期发生 MI 的患者经历了更高水平的压力和情绪困扰，这可能是节日性心脏病发作现象的原因之一。了解哪些因素会增加圣诞节期间 MI 的数量，可能有助于减少 MI 的过多发生和心血管负担。
