监禁后黑人性少数男性和跨性别女性社会支持的特征：HPTN 061 队列研究。
Characterisation of social support following incarceration among black sexual minority men and transgender women in the HPTN 061 cohort study.
机构信息
Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2021 Sep 29;11(9):e053334. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053334.
OBJECTIVE
To examine longitudinal associations between recent incarceration and subsequent social support among black sexual minority men and transgender women, and whether associations differed between those who did and did not have support prior to incarceration.
DESIGN
A secondary analysis in 2020 of data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network 061, a cohort study of black sexual minority men and transgender women recruited in 2009-2010 and followed for 12 months.
SETTING
Six US cities (Atlanta, Boston, Los Angeles, New York City, San Francisco and Washington DC).
PARTICIPANTS
Individuals ≥18 years of age who identified as black, reported being male or assigned male at birth, reported ≥1 unprotected anal intercourse event with a male partner in the past 6 months, and reported on incarceration at the 6-month follow-up visit.
EXPOSURE
Having spent ≥1 night in jail/prison in the past 6 months reported at the 6-month follow-up visit.
OUTCOME
Social support measured using a six-item scale assessing frequency of emotional/informational, affectionate and tangible support (range 6-30); and dichotomous indicators of low support for each item (ie, receiving that form of support none/little of the time).
RESULTS
Among participants who returned for the 6-month visit (N=1169), 14% had experienced incarceration in the past 6 months. Mean support score was 20.9; 18.9 among those with recent incarceration versus 21.2 among those without. Recent incarceration predicted lower support (adjusted β -2.40, 95% CI -3.94 to -0.85). Those recently incarcerated had increased risk of lacking emotional/informational (eg, no one to talk to adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.55, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.13) and affectionate (aRR 1.51, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.04) but not tangible support. Effects appeared somewhat stronger among those who had support at baseline.
CONCLUSIONS
Incarceration may reduce support on re-entry among black sexual minority men and transgender women, populations unequally targeted for incarceration and at risk for low support.
目的
探讨最近监禁与黑人男同性恋者和跨性别女性监禁后的社会支持之间的纵向关联，以及这些关联在监禁前有或没有支持的人群中是否存在差异。
设计
2020 年对 HIV 预防试验网络 061 的数据进行二次分析，该队列研究招募了 2009-2010 年的黑人男同性恋者和跨性别女性，随访 12 个月。
地点
美国六个城市（亚特兰大、波士顿、洛杉矶、纽约市、旧金山和华盛顿特区）。
参与者
年龄≥18 岁，自我认同为黑人，报告过去 6 个月内与男性发生过≥1 次无保护肛交，报告在过去 6 个月的随访中被监禁。
暴露
在过去 6 个月的随访中报告至少有 1 晚在监狱/监狱中度过。
结果
在返回 6 个月随访的参与者中（n=1169），14%的人在过去 6 个月内被监禁过。平均支持评分 20.9；最近监禁的为 18.9，而没有监禁的为 21.2。最近的监禁预示着较低的支持（调整后的β值-2.40，95%置信区间-3.94 至-0.85）。最近被监禁的人缺乏情感/信息支持（例如，无人倾诉）的风险增加（调整后的风险比（aRR）1.55，95%置信区间 1.13 至 2.13）和情感支持（aRR 1.51，95%置信区间 1.11 至 2.04），但不包括有形支持。这些影响在基线时有支持的人群中似乎更为明显。
结论
监禁可能会降低黑人男同性恋者和跨性别女性重新进入社会后的支持，这些人群是被监禁的不平等目标人群，面临支持不足的风险。
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