Faculty of Health Sciences, Pre-Department of Nursing, Jaume I University, Castellon de la Plana, Spain.
Research Group CYS, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, Castellon de la Plana, Spain.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Jan;30(1):298-309. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13474. Epub 2021 Oct 16.
To synthesize and describe the emotional and psychological implications for healthcare professionals who provided care in a mass casualty incident or disaster.
The experience of healthcare providers immersed in the actual uncertainty of an ongoing disaster is real, challenging, complex and strongly connected with emotions. Identifying these implications for healthcare professionals is essential for developing strategies to help these professionals deliver high-quality care.
A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Nursing & Allied Health Database and PsycINFO using published data until February 2021 and following the PRISMA guidelines.
Nineteen articles were included. Factors associated with negative psychological implications were identified and different strategies have been synthesized to prevent or reduce them when caring for the victims of a disaster.
Feelings of sadness, helplessness, fear and blockage, among others, were identified as common reactions among nurses and other healthcare professionals dealing in mass casualties or disasters. These reactions may lead to post-traumatic disorder, turning professionals into hidden victims.
Organizations, senior charge nurses and other health service managers need to foster resilience and flexibility among their workforce to improve self-care during a disaster, as well as ensure policies to address a lack of emotional preparedness among their personnel. Some strategies to consider include cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation or meditation.
综合描述并探讨在大规模伤亡事件或灾难中提供医疗服务的医护人员的情绪和心理影响。
医疗保健提供者在持续发生的灾难中实际面对不确定性时的体验是真实的、具有挑战性的、复杂的，并且与情绪紧密相连。确定这些对医护人员的影响对于制定帮助这些专业人员提供高质量护理的策略至关重要。
使用发表的数据，在 2021 年 2 月之前，我们在 PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus、Nursing & Allied Health Database 和 PsycINFO 中进行了系统综述，并遵循 PRISMA 指南。
纳入了 19 篇文章。确定了与负面心理影响相关的因素，并综合了不同的策略，以在照顾灾难受害者时预防或减轻这些影响。
在处理大规模伤亡或灾难时，护士和其他医护人员常见的反应包括悲伤、无助、恐惧和阻塞感等。这些反应可能导致创伤后障碍，使专业人员成为隐藏的受害者。
组织、高级护士长和其他卫生服务管理人员需要在其员工中培养韧性和灵活性，以在灾难期间改善自我保健，并确保制定政策解决其人员缺乏情绪准备的问题。一些需要考虑的策略包括认知行为疗法、心理教育或冥想。
