Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 1;16(10):e0257203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257203. eCollection 2021.
An experiment on maize (Zea mays)-common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropping was conducted for two years (2014 and 2016) at two locations in North western Ethiopia with the objective of determining the spatial arrangement and planting date of common bean. Common bean intercropped with maize at three planting dates (simultaneously with maize, at emergence and knee height of maize) in two spatial arrangements (alternate and paired arrangements).The experimental design was factotrial randomized complete block design with three replications. Sole maize and common bean were included as a check. Results revealed that the spatial and temporal differentiation significantly affect only the agronomic attributes of common bean in common bean-maize intercropping. At Adet the grain yield of common bean (1.9 t ha-1), LER (1.99) and MAI (357) in maize-common bean intercropping was higher when common bean was planted at the same time with maize in paired planting pattern. On the other hand, maximum LER (1.61) and MAI (2.83) at Finoteselam were observed when common bean was intercropped with maize at maize emergence in paired planting pattern. Simultaneous intercropping of common bean with maize gave more stable total land output yield as compared to other intercropping systems but showed high variability as compared to the sole cropping. Thus, it can be concluded that planting common bean simultaneously with maize in paired planting pattern at Adet and planting common bean at maize emergence at Finoteselam in maize-common bean intercropping gave maximum land use efficiency and profitability of the cropping system without reducing the main crop yield (maize).This research also suggested further research on the compatibility of various maize and common bean varieties in different spatial and temporal differentiation.
在埃塞俄比亚西北部的两个地点进行了两年（2014 年和 2016 年）的玉米（Zea mays）-菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）间作实验，目的是确定菜豆的空间排列和种植日期。菜豆与玉米以三种种植日期（与玉米同时、玉米出苗时和玉米膝盖高时）在两种空间排列（交替和配对排列）下间作。实验设计为三因素完全随机区组设计，重复三次。单作玉米和菜豆作为对照。结果表明，时空分化仅显著影响间作玉米中菜豆的农艺性状。在 Adet，间作玉米中菜豆的籽粒产量（1.9 吨/公顷）、LER（1.99）和 MAI（357）较高，当菜豆在配对种植模式中与玉米同时种植时。另一方面，在 Finoteselam，当菜豆与玉米在配对种植模式中在玉米出苗时间作时，观察到最大的 LER（1.61）和 MAI（2.83）。与其他间作系统相比，同时间作玉米和菜豆的总土地产量更稳定，但与单作相比，其变异性更高。因此，可以得出结论，在 Adet 以配对种植模式同时种植玉米和菜豆，在 Finoteselam 玉米-菜豆间作中在玉米出苗时种植菜豆，可以在不降低主要作物产量（玉米）的情况下，最大限度地提高土地利用效率和种植系统的盈利能力。本研究还建议进一步研究不同时空分化下各种玉米和菜豆品种的兼容性。
