Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
Department of Food Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Food Res Int. 2021 Nov;149:110675. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110675. Epub 2021 Aug 28.
Pharmacological and clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that polysaccharides exhibit great potential on immune regulation. Polysaccharides can interact directly or indirectly with the immune system, triggering cell-cell communication and molecular recognition, leading to immunostimulatory responses. Gut microbiota is adept at foraging polysaccharides as energy sources and confers benefits in the context of immunity and chronic autoimmune disease, such as multiple sclerosis. A compelling set of interconnectedness between the gut microbiota, natural polysaccharides, and immune regulation has emerged. In this review, we highlighted the available avenues supporting the existence of these interactions, with a focus on cytokines-mediated and SCFAs-mediated pathways. Additionally, the neuroimmune mechanisms for gut microbiota communication with the brain in multiple sclerosis are also discussed, which will lay the ground for ameliorate multiple sclerosis via polysaccharide intervention.
药理学和临床研究一致表明，多糖在免疫调节方面具有巨大的潜力。多糖可以直接或间接地与免疫系统相互作用，触发细胞间通讯和分子识别，从而引发免疫刺激反应。肠道微生物群擅长将多糖作为能量来源进行觅食，并在免疫和慢性自身免疫性疾病（如多发性硬化症）方面带来益处。肠道微生物群、天然多糖和免疫调节之间存在一系列引人注目的相互关联。在这篇综述中，我们强调了支持这些相互作用存在的现有途径，重点介绍了细胞因子介导和 SCFAs 介导的途径。此外，还讨论了肠道微生物群与多发性硬化症大脑之间的神经免疫机制，这将为通过多糖干预来改善多发性硬化症奠定基础。
