Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 Nov;155:111574. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111574. Epub 2021 Oct 1.
In this randomized controlled pilot trial, we investigated the effects of a 6-month intake of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on several molecular and phenotypic biomarkers of aging in older adults aged 70 years and over. Forty older adults (20 women) were randomly allocated in a parallel-group design to receive 0.5 L per day of HRW (15 ppm of hydrogen) or control drink (0 ppm of hydrogen) during a 6-month intervention period. The biomarkers assessed at baseline and 6-month follow up were molecular markers in the blood (DNA and chromosomes, nutrient sensing, protein, and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and mitochondria, cell senescence, inflammation), brain metabolism, cognitive functioning, physical function and body composition, resting blood pressure, facial skin features, sleep outcomes, and health-related quality of life. The mean age, weight, and height of study participants were 76.0 ± 5.6 years, 78.2 ± 16.1 kg, height 167.5 ± 11.5 cm, respectively. A significant treatment vs. time interaction was found for telomere length (P = 0.049), with the length increased after HRW intervention (from 0.99 ± 0.15 at baseline to 1.02 ± 0.26 at follow up) and decreased after drinking control water (from 0.92 ± 0.27 to 0.79 ± 0.15). A marker of DNA methylation (Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2, TET2) expression at 6-month follow-up increased in both groups, yet the degree of elevation was significantly higher in HRW (from 0.81 ± 0.52 at baseline to 1.62 ± 0.66 at follow up) comparing to the control water (from 1.13 ± 0.82 to 1.76 ± 0.87) (P = 0.040). A strong trend for treatment vs. time interaction was found for a degree of DNA methylation (P = 0.166), with the methylation increased in the HRW group (from 120.6 ± 39.8 ng at baseline to 126.6 ± 33.8 ng at follow up) and decreased after taking control water (from 133.6 ± 52.9 ng to 121.2 ± 38.4 ng). HRW was superior to control water to increase brain choline and NAA levels in the left frontal grey matter, brain creatine at the right parietal white matter, and brain NAA at the right parietal mesial grey matter (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between interventions for other outcomes (P > 0.05), except for a significantly improved chair stand performance after HRW intervention compared to the control water (P = 0.01). Owing to pleiotropic mechanisms of hydrogen action, this simple biomedical gas could be recognized as a possible anti-aging agent that tackles several hallmarks of aging, including loss of function and telomere length shortening. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04430803).
在这项随机对照的初步试验中，我们研究了在 70 岁及以上的老年人中，6 个月摄入富氢水（HRW）对几种衰老的分子和表型生物标志物的影响。40 名老年人（20 名女性）被随机分配到平行组设计中，在 6 个月的干预期间每天接受 0.5 升 HRW（15ppm 的氢气）或对照饮料（0ppm 的氢气）。在基线和 6 个月随访时评估的生物标志物包括血液中的分子标志物（DNA 和染色体、营养感应、蛋白质和脂质代谢、氧化应激和线粒体、细胞衰老、炎症）、大脑代谢、认知功能、身体功能和身体成分、静息血压、面部皮肤特征、睡眠结果和健康相关的生活质量。研究参与者的平均年龄、体重和身高分别为 76.0±5.6 岁、78.2±16.1 公斤、身高 167.5±11.5 厘米。发现端粒长度存在显著的治疗与时间的交互作用（P=0.049），HRW 干预后端粒长度增加（从基线时的 0.99±0.15 增加到随访时的 1.02±0.26），而饮用对照水后端粒长度减少（从 0.92±0.27 减少到 0.79±0.15）。在 6 个月随访时，DNA 甲基化的一个标志物（Tet 甲基胞嘧啶双加氧酶 2，TET2）的表达增加，但 HRW 组的升高程度明显更高（从基线时的 0.81±0.52 增加到随访时的 1.62±0.66），而对照水组的升高程度较低（从 1.13±0.82 增加到 1.76±0.87）（P=0.040）。发现 DNA 甲基化程度存在显著的治疗与时间的交互作用趋势（P=0.166），HRW 组的甲基化程度增加（从基线时的 120.6±39.8ng 增加到随访时的 126.6±33.8ng），而饮用对照水后甲基化程度减少（从 133.6±52.9ng 减少到 121.2±38.4ng）。与对照水相比，HRW 更能增加左额灰质的脑胆碱和 NAA 水平、右顶叶白质的脑肌酸和右顶叶内侧灰质的脑 NAA（P<0.05）。除了 HRW 干预后与对照水相比，在坐立试验中表现出显著改善（P=0.01）外，两种干预之间的其他结果（P>0.05）没有显著差异。由于氢气作用的多效机制，这种简单的生物医学气体可以被认为是一种可能的抗衰老剂，它可以解决几个衰老的标志，包括功能丧失和端粒长度缩短。该研究在 ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT04430803）注册。
