Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Centre for Sleep Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
J Sleep Res. 2022 Apr;31(2):e13499. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13499. Epub 2021 Oct 3.
There has been great concern about the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related school lockdown on adolescent health. The aim of the present study was to compare sleep patterns before and during COVID-19-related school lockdown, in a large sample of high school students. The present study is based a prospective, longitudinal survey on adolescent sleep health. Phase 1 was conducted in 2019, whereas phase 2 was conducted in 2020 (response rate 60.2%), during the last 10 days of a 60-day long school lockdown. Main outcomes comprised sleep parameters from the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ). A total of 2,022 students provided valid responses to MCTQ in both survey phases. Results showed later sleep timing on schooldays in 2020 compared to 2019 (36 min later bedtimes, Cohen's d = 0.56; 1:35 hr later rise times, Cohen's d = 1.44). Time spent in bed on schooldays increased from 8:20 to 9:19 hr (Cohen's d = 0.78), and sleep duration increased by 45 min (Cohen's d = 0.49). The proportion of adolescents obtaining the recommended ≥8 hr of sleep on schooldays increased from 13.4% (2019) to 37.5% during the lockdown. Social jetlag was reduced from 2:37 hr (2019) to 1:53 hr (2020, Cohen's d = 0.59). Results points to a potential advantageous effect of school lockdown in terms of increased school day sleep duration and reduced social jetlag. As sleep is important for mental and somatic health, it is conceivable that increased sleep duration offered some protection against harmful aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social restrictions. Future studies should address possible associations between sleep changes and health during COVID-19-related school lockdown.
人们一直非常关注 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关学校关闭对青少年健康的影响。本研究的目的是比较大量高中生在 COVID-19 相关学校关闭前后的睡眠模式。本研究基于一项青少年睡眠健康的前瞻性纵向调查。第一阶段于 2019 年进行，第二阶段于 2020 年进行（响应率为 60.2%），在为期 60 天的学校关闭的最后 10 天进行。主要结果包括来自慕尼黑时间类型问卷（MCTQ）的睡眠参数。共有 2022 名学生在两个调查阶段都对 MCTQ 提供了有效回复。结果显示，2020 年上学日的睡眠时间比 2019 年晚（36 分钟，Cohen's d=0.56；1:35 小时，Cohen's d=1.44）。上学日卧床时间从 8:20 增加到 9:19 小时（Cohen's d=0.78），睡眠时间增加了 45 分钟（Cohen's d=0.49）。上学日获得推荐的≥8 小时睡眠时间的青少年比例从 13.4%（2019 年）增加到封锁期间的 37.5%。社会时差从 2:37 小时（2019 年）减少到 1:53 小时（2020 年，Cohen's d=0.59）。结果表明，学校关闭在增加上学日睡眠时间和减少社会时差方面可能具有有利影响。由于睡眠对精神和身体健康很重要，因此可以想象，增加睡眠时间为 COVID-19 大流行及其相关社会限制带来的有害方面提供了一些保护。未来的研究应该解决 COVID-19 相关学校关闭期间睡眠变化与健康之间可能存在的关联。
