Stutz B, Buyken A E, Schadow A M, Jankovic N, Alexy U, Krueger B
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.
Appetite. 2023 Jan 1;180:106333. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106333. Epub 2022 Oct 4.
Due to their biologically later chronotype, young students are vulnerable to a discrepant sleeping pattern between work- and free days, coined social jetlag (SJL). This study examined whether a later chronotype and/or a larger SJL are related to an analogous discrepancy in meal timing defined as eating jetlag (EJL) and whether chronotype and/or changes in SJL during the first COVID-19 related lockdown in Germany associated with changes in EJL. Baseline data were collected from September 2019-January 2020 among 317 students (58% females) aged 18-25 years of which a total of 156 students (67% females) completed an online follow-up survey in June-July 2020 (1st lockdown). Data were collected on daily routines, timing of meals/snacks, and physical activity. Chronotype was determined using the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire; SJL and EJL correspond to the difference in the daily midpoint of sleep/eating duration between work- and free days. Multivariable linear regression revealed that students with a later chronotype or a larger SJL experienced a larger EJL (p = 0.0124 and p<0.0001). A later chronotype at baseline and reductions in SJL during lockdown associated with concurrent reductions in EJL (p = 0.027 and p<0.0001). In conclusion, students with a later chronotype exhibit a more erratic meal pattern, which associates with SJL. During lockdown, flexible daily schedules allowed students to align the meal timing with their inner clock.
由于其生物性的晚睡类型，年轻学生容易出现工作日和休息日睡眠模式的差异，即所谓的社会时差（SJL）。本研究调查了较晚的昼夜节律类型和/或较大的社会时差是否与饮食时间的类似差异（即饮食时差，EJL）有关，以及在德国首次与新冠疫情相关的封锁期间，昼夜节律类型和/或社会时差的变化是否与饮食时差的变化相关。2019年9月至2020年1月收集了317名年龄在18 - 25岁之间的学生（58%为女性）的基线数据，其中共有156名学生（67%为女性）在2020年6月至7月（第一次封锁期间）完成了在线随访调查。收集了日常作息、用餐/吃零食时间和身体活动的数据。使用慕尼黑昼夜节律问卷确定昼夜节律类型；社会时差和饮食时差对应工作日和休息日之间每日睡眠/进食持续时间中点的差异。多变量线性回归显示，昼夜节律类型较晚或社会时差较大的学生饮食时差更大（p = 0.0124和p<0.0001）。基线时较晚的昼夜节律类型以及封锁期间社会时差的减少与饮食时差的同时减少相关（p = 0.027和p<0.0001）。总之，昼夜节律类型较晚的学生饮食模式更不稳定，这与社会时差有关。在封锁期间，灵活的日常时间表使学生能够使用餐时间与生物钟同步。
