Tsai Eugenia
Texas Liver Institute and UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2021 Aug;17(8):367-376.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health burden. Millions of people are at risk for complications of chronic HBV infection, despite the widespread availability of an effective prophylactic vaccine. The current available treatments for HBV infection-interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogues-are effective at suppressing viral replication and decreasing the risk of cirrhosis. However, these treatments have a number of limitations, creating the need for alternative therapeutic agents. Recent advances in drug therapy have heralded a new horizon of novel therapeutic approaches for chronic HBV infection, with several promising antiviral and immunomodulatory agents currently in preclinical or clinical testing. This article reviews the current landscape of HBV treatments and highlights the most recent therapeutic strategies designed to directly target HBV or to improve immune response during chronic infection.
慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染仍然是一项重大的全球健康负担。尽管有效预防性疫苗已广泛可得，但仍有数百万人面临慢性HBV感染并发症的风险。目前可用于治疗HBV感染的药物——干扰素和核苷（酸）类似物——在抑制病毒复制和降低肝硬化风险方面是有效的。然而，这些治疗方法存在一些局限性，因此需要替代治疗药物。药物治疗的最新进展为慢性HBV感染的新型治疗方法开辟了新视野，目前有几种有前景的抗病毒和免疫调节药物正处于临床前或临床试验阶段。本文综述了HBV治疗的现状，并重点介绍了旨在直接靶向HBV或改善慢性感染期间免疫反应的最新治疗策略。
