Hossain Md Golzar, Akter Sharmin, Dhole Priya, Saha Sukumar, Kazi Taheruzzaman, Majbauddin Abir, Islam Md Sayeedul
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Sep 17;12:735305. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.735305. eCollection 2021.
The subtype prevalence, drug resistance- and pathogenicity-associated mutations, and the distribution of the influenza A virus (IAV) isolates identified in Bangladesh from 2002 to 2019 were analyzed using bioinformatic tools. A total of 30 IAV subtypes have been identified in humans (4), avian species (29), and environment (5) in Bangladesh. The predominant subtypes in human and avian species are H1N1/H3N2 and H5N1/H9N2, respectively. However, the subtypes H5N1/H9N2 infecting humans and H3N2/H1N1 infecting avian species have also been identified. Among the avian species, the maximum number of subtypes (27) have been identified in ducks. A 3.56% of the isolates showed neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) resistance with a prevalence of 8.50, 1.33, and 2.67% in avian species, humans, and the environment, respectively, the following mutations were detected: V116A, I117V, D198N, I223R, S247N, H275Y, and N295S. Prevalence of adamantane-resistant IAVs was 100, 50, and 30.54% in humans, the environment, and avian species, respectively, the subtypes H3N2, H1N1, H9N2, and H5N2 were highly prevalent, with the subtype H5N1 showing a comparatively lower prevalence. Important PB2 mutations such D9N, K526R, A588V, A588I, G590S, Q591R, E627K, K702R, and S714R were identified. A wide range of IAV subtypes have been identified in Bangladesh with a diversified genetic variation in the NA, M2, and PB2 proteins providing drug resistance and enhanced pathogenicity. This study provides a detailed analysis of the subtypes, and the host range of the IAV isolates and the genetic variations related to their proteins, which may aid in the prevention, treatment, and control of IAV infections in Bangladesh, and would serve as a basis for future investigations.
利用生物信息学工具分析了2002年至2019年在孟加拉国鉴定出的甲型流感病毒（IAV）分离株的亚型流行情况、与耐药性和致病性相关的突变以及分布情况。在孟加拉国的人类（4种）、禽类（29种）和环境（5种）中总共鉴定出30种IAV亚型。人类和禽类中的主要亚型分别是H1N1/H3N2和H5N1/H9N2。然而，也鉴定出了感染人类的H5N1/H9N2亚型和感染禽类的H3N2/H1N1亚型。在禽类中，在鸭子中鉴定出的亚型数量最多（27种）。3.56%的分离株显示对神经氨酸酶抑制剂（NAI）耐药，在禽类、人类和环境中的流行率分别为8.50%、1.33%和2.67%，检测到以下突变：V116A、I117V、D198N、I223R、S247N、H275Y和N295S。对金刚烷耐药的IAV在人类、环境和禽类中的流行率分别为100%、50%和30.54%，H3N2、H1N1、H9N2和H5N2亚型高度流行，H5N1亚型的流行率相对较低。鉴定出了重要的PB2突变，如D9N、K526R、A588V、A588I、G590S、Q591R、E627K、K702R和S714R。在孟加拉国已鉴定出多种IAV亚型，其NA、M2和PB2蛋白具有多样化的遗传变异，具有耐药性并增强了致病性。本研究对IAV分离株的亚型、宿主范围及其蛋白相关的遗传变异进行了详细分析，这可能有助于孟加拉国IAV感染的预防、治疗和控制，并将作为未来研究的基础。
