Abda Sultan, Haile Tamirat, Abera Mesele
Hawassa University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Mizan Regional Veterinary Laboratory Center, Mizan-aman, P.O.Box 254, Ethiopia.
Vet Anim Sci. 2021 Sep 20;14:100206. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100206. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Salmonellosis is one of the major causes of poultry disease. The study aimed to isolate, identify, determine susceptibility and associated risk factors of salmonella specious in semi-intensive poultry farms of Kafa zone, southwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on four purposively selected districts. Three farms were randomly selected per district and fecal samples were taken from a total of 302 chickens. Questionnaire was administered to farm owners and data was analyzed using STATA statistical software package. The overall prevalence of species in Kafa zone was 9.27% with Gimbo district 10.39%, Bita district 10.66%, Shishoende district 12% and Chena district 4%. Source of chickens, farm types and breed risk factors showed significant association ( ) with the disease prevalence. Having diarrhea and continuous farm systems significantly associated ( < 0.05). All isolates were 100% resistant to Oxtytetracycline and Ampicillin. Among 28 isolated species, 92.85% ( = 26) of them were showed multidrug resistance while 2 (7.14%) of them showed extensively drug resistance. Half of multidrug-resistant isolates were resistant to 5-6 antimicrobials, while 7.14% of isolates showed resistance to 7 antimicrobials. This study shows prevalence of and its association with the breed, farm type, source of chicken and presence of diarrhea. A high antimicrobial resistance observed shows presence of concerns due to the emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in the poultry farms. Therefore, awareness should be created to the farmers on measures to avoid the risk factors of poultry disease and the occurrence of antimicrobials resistance in poultry farms.
沙门氏菌病是家禽疾病的主要病因之一。该研究旨在分离、鉴定、确定埃塞俄比亚西南部卡法地区半集约化家禽养殖场中沙门氏菌的易感性及相关风险因素。在四个经过有目的选择的地区开展了一项横断面研究。每个地区随机选择三个养殖场，共采集了302只鸡的粪便样本。向养殖场主发放了问卷，并使用STATA统计软件包对数据进行分析。卡法地区该菌种的总体患病率为9.27%，其中金博地区为10.39%，比塔地区为10.66%，希绍恩德地区为12%，切纳地区为4%。鸡的来源、养殖场类型和品种风险因素与疾病患病率显示出显著关联（ ）。出现腹泻和连续养殖系统与疾病显著相关（ < 0.05）。所有分离株对土霉素和氨苄青霉素均表现出100%耐药。在28株分离出的该菌种中，92.85%（ = 26）表现出多重耐药，而2株（7.14%）表现出广泛耐药。一半的多重耐药分离株对5 - 6种抗菌药物耐药，而7.14%的分离株对7种抗菌药物耐药。本研究显示了该菌种的患病率及其与品种、养殖场类型、鸡的来源和腹泻情况的关联。观察到的高抗菌药物耐药性表明，由于家禽养殖场出现抗菌药物耐药性（AMR），存在相关问题。因此，应向养殖户宣传避免家禽疾病风险因素及家禽养殖场抗菌药物耐药性发生的措施。
