Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, 14736Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Department of Park, Recreation and Tourism Sciences, 14736Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Inquiry. 2021 Jan-Dec;58:469580211048673. doi: 10.1177/00469580211048673.
COVID-19 is largely spread through close contact with infected people in indoor spaces. Avoiding these spaces is one of the most effective ways to slow the spread. This study assessed who had engaged in risky travel and leisure behaviors before the availability of vaccines.
National cross-sectional on-line survey collected in November and December 2020. Setting: United States; Participants: 2589 adults representative by gender and race/ethnicity to the US population; Measures: The survey assessed if people had resumed 11 risky behaviors during the pandemic, prior to vaccines. Independent variables included age, race/ethnicity, region of the country, education, income, preexisting conditions, perceived severity and susceptibility, positive COVID diagnosis, and political ideology.
Univariate analysis and logistic regressions were used to assess demographic and psychological factors of those resuming these behaviors. Results: Most (60.3%) of people had resumed at least 1 behavior with eating inside of restaurants (33.2%) and visiting family and friends (37.5%) being the most prevalent. In the multivariate analyses, perceived susceptibility was significant across all behaviors. Young people, fiscal conservatives, and people with higher perceived severity were more likely to perform several of the behaviors. Preexisting conditions did not predict any of the behaviors.
Travel and leisure behaviors vary by type of risk and may need specific tailored, prevention messages to promote risk reduction during future pandemics.
COVID-19 主要通过在室内与受感染者的密切接触传播。避免这些场所是减缓传播的最有效方法之一。本研究评估了在疫苗可用之前，谁从事过有风险的旅行和休闲行为。
2020 年 11 月和 12 月进行的全国性横断面在线调查。地点：美国；参与者：2589 名成年人，按性别和种族/民族在全美人口中具有代表性；措施：该调查评估了在疫苗接种之前，人们是否在大流行期间恢复了 11 种有风险的行为。自变量包括年龄、种族/民族、美国地区、教育程度、收入、既往疾病、感知严重程度和易感性、COVID 阳性诊断和政治意识形态。
使用单变量分析和逻辑回归来评估恢复这些行为的人口统计学和心理因素。结果：大多数人（60.3%）至少恢复了 1 种行为，其中在餐厅内用餐（33.2%）和探访亲友（37.5%）最为普遍。在多变量分析中，感知易感性对所有行为都有显著影响。年轻人、财政保守派和感知严重程度较高的人更有可能从事其中几种行为。既往疾病并不能预测任何行为。
旅行和休闲行为因风险类型而异，在未来的大流行中，可能需要有针对性的、特定的预防信息来促进风险降低。
