Department of Public Health Policy and Management, School of Global Public Health, New York University, NY, New York, USA.
Department of Public Health Policy and Management, School of Global Public Health, New York University, NY, New York, USA.
Prev Med. 2021 Feb;143:106388. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106388. Epub 2020 Dec 26.
Several restriction policies implemented in many states in the United States have demonstrated their effectiveness in mitigating the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but less is known about the differences in views on the restriction policies among different population segments. This study aimed to understand which different population groups of adults in the United States consider several key restriction policies as necessary to combat COVID-19. Survey data from Wave 64 (March 19-24, 2020) of the Pew Research Center's American Trends Panel (n=10,609) and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, employment status, political party affiliation, news exposure, census region, and opinions about COVID-19 restriction policies. The policies included restricting international travel, imposing business closures, banning large group gatherings, cancelling entertainment events, closing schools, limiting restaurants to carry-out only, and postponing state primary elections. Most survey respondents viewed COVID-19 restriction policies as necessary. Views on each restriction policy varied substantially across some population segments such as age, race, and ethnicity. Regardless of population segments, those who followed news closely or considered themselves Democrat/lean Democrat were more likely to consider all the policies as necessary than those not following the news closely or those who considered themselves Republican/lean Republican. The effectiveness of key COVID-19 restriction policies is likely to vary substantially across population groups given that views on the need to implement these policies vary widely. Tailored health messages may be needed for some population segments given divergent views on COVID-19 restriction policies.
美国许多州实施的几项限制政策已证明其在减缓冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 传播方面的有效性，但对于不同人群对这些限制政策的看法存在差异知之甚少。本研究旨在了解美国的哪些不同成年人群体认为几种关键的限制政策对于抗击 COVID-19 是必要的。皮尤研究中心美国趋势小组（Pew Research Center's American Trends Panel）第 64 波（2020 年 3 月 19 日至 24 日）的调查数据（n=10,609）和逻辑回归用于评估社会经济和人口统计学特征、就业状况、政党归属、新闻接触、普查区以及对 COVID-19 限制政策的看法之间的关联。这些政策包括限制国际旅行、实施企业关闭、禁止大型团体集会、取消娱乐活动、关闭学校、限制餐厅仅提供外卖服务以及推迟州初选。大多数调查受访者认为 COVID-19 限制政策是必要的。对每项限制政策的看法在某些人群中差异很大，例如年龄、种族和族裔。无论人群如何，那些密切关注新闻或自认为是民主党/倾向民主党的人比不关注新闻或自认为是共和党/倾向共和党的人更有可能认为所有政策都是必要的。鉴于对实施这些政策的必要性存在广泛分歧，关键 COVID-19 限制政策的有效性在人群中可能会有很大差异。鉴于对 COVID-19 限制政策的看法存在分歧，一些人群可能需要有针对性的健康信息。
