结构洞察 I 型 CRISPR-Cas 系统被抗 CRISPR 蛋白失活的机制。
Structural insights into the inactivation of the type I-F CRISPR-Cas system by anti-CRISPR proteins.
机构信息
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Yichun, China.
出版信息
RNA Biol. 2021 Nov 12;18(sup2):562-573. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1985347. Epub 2021 Oct 4.
Phage infection is one of the major threats to prokaryotic survival, and prokaryotes in turn have evolved multiple protection approaches to fight against this challenge. Various delicate mechanisms have been discovered from this eternal arms race, among which the CRISPR-Cas systems are the prokaryotic adaptive immune systems and phages evolve diverse anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins to evade this immunity. Until now, about 90 families of Acr proteins have been identified, out of which 24 families were verified to fight against subtype I-F CRISPR-Cas systems. Here, we review the structural and biochemical mechanisms of the characterized type I-F Acr proteins, classify their inhibition mechanisms into two major groups and provide insights for future studies of other Acr proteins. Understanding Acr proteins in this context will lead to a variety of practical applications in genome editing and also provide exciting insights into the molecular arms race between prokaryotes and phages.
噬菌体感染是原核生物生存的主要威胁之一，而原核生物则进化出多种保护措施来应对这一挑战。在这场永恒的军备竞赛中，人们发现了各种微妙的机制，其中 CRISPR-Cas 系统是原核生物适应性免疫系统，而噬菌体则进化出多种抗 CRISPR（Acr）蛋白来逃避这种免疫。到目前为止，已经鉴定出约 90 种 Acr 蛋白家族，其中 24 种家族被证实可对抗 I-F 型 CRISPR-Cas 系统。在这里，我们回顾了已鉴定的 I-F 型 Acr 蛋白的结构和生化机制，将其抑制机制分为两大类，并为其他 Acr 蛋白的未来研究提供了思路。在这种情况下了解 Acr 蛋白将导致基因组编辑的各种实际应用，并为原核生物和噬菌体之间的分子军备竞赛提供令人兴奋的见解。
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