Endstage renal failure due to polycystic kidney disease managed by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Over a five and one half year period, four of nine patients with endstage renal failure due to polycystic kidney disease managed by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) developed peritonitis following intestinal perforation. Two patients had colonic perforation associated with diverticular disease, one necrosis of the terminal ileum, and one acute appendicitis. Two of the patients died subsequent to these complications. The survivors had early transfer to haemodialysis. In contrast, over the same period, only two of 125 patients with renal failure due to other causes and managed by CAPD had acute intestinal perforation. In both cases this was associated with acute appendicitis. Both patients survived. All episodes of peritonitis in CAPD patients with polycystic kidneys demand very close monitoring, cessation of CAPD, and early surgical intervention. CAPD is relatively contraindicated in such patients.