Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Laboratory Animals Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 6;16(10):e0258145. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258145. eCollection 2021.
Recent studies suggest that dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases gut-derived uremic toxins (GDUT) generation, leads to systemic inflammation, reactive oxygen species generation, and poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation on GDUT levels, inflammatory and antioxidant parameters, renal damage, and intestinal barrier function in adenine-induced CKD rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (CTL, n = 12) fed with standard diet; and CKD group (n = 16) given adenine (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 3-weeks to induce CKD. At the 4th week, CKD rats were subdivided into prebiotic supplementation (5g/kg/day) for four consecutive weeks (CKD-Pre, n = 8). Also, the control group was subdivided into two subgroups; prebiotic supplemented (CTL-Pre, n = 6) and non-supplemented group (CTL, n = 6). Results showed that prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation did not significantly reduce serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) but did significantly reduce serum p-Cresyl sulfate (PCS) (p = 0.002) in CKD rats. Prebiotic supplementation also reduced serum urea (p = 0.008) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels (p = 0.001), ameliorated renal injury, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p = 0.002) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p = 0.001) in renal tissues of CKD rats. No significant changes were observed in colonic epithelial tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin in the CKD-Pre group. In adenine-induced CKD rats, oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation resulted in a reduction in serum urea and PCS levels, enhancement of the antioxidant activity in the renal tissues, and retardation of the disease progression.
最近的研究表明，慢性肾脏病（CKD）中的菌群失调会增加肠道来源的尿毒症毒素（GDUT）的产生，导致全身炎症、活性氧物质的产生和预后不良。本研究旨在探讨富含低聚果糖的菊粉补充剂对腺嘌呤诱导的 CKD 大鼠 GDUT 水平、炎症和抗氧化参数、肾损伤和肠道屏障功能的影响。雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为对照组（CTL，n = 12），给予标准饮食；和 CKD 组（n = 16），通过口服灌胃给予腺嘌呤（200mg/kg/天），持续 3 周以诱导 CKD。第 4 周时，CKD 大鼠分为连续 4 周补充益生元（5g/kg/天）的亚组（CKD-Pre，n = 8）。此外，对照组分为补充益生元（CTL-Pre，n = 6）和未补充组（CTL，n = 6）。结果表明，益生元低聚果糖富集菊粉补充剂并没有显著降低血清吲哚硫酸（IS），但确实显著降低了 CKD 大鼠的血清对甲酚硫酸（PCS）（p = 0.002）。益生元补充还降低了血清尿素（p = 0.008）和白细胞介素（IL）-6 水平（p = 0.001），改善了 CKD 大鼠的肾损伤，并增强了肾脏组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）（p = 0.002）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）（p = 0.001）的抗氧化酶活性。在 CKD-Pre 组中，结肠上皮紧密连接蛋白 Claudin-1 和 Occludin 没有观察到明显变化。在腺嘌呤诱导的 CKD 大鼠中，富含低聚果糖的菊粉补充剂可降低血清尿素和 PCS 水平，增强肾脏组织的抗氧化活性，并延缓疾病进展。
