Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Front Immunol. 2021 Sep 20;12:746187. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746187. eCollection 2021.
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have an anti-inflammatory role and can suppress autoimmunity, by employing both cytokine secretion and cell-contact mediated mechanisms. Numerous Breg subsets have been described and have overlapping phenotypes in terms of their immune expression markers or cytokine production. A hallmark feature of Bregs is the secretion of IL-10, although IL-35 and TGFβ-producing B cells have also been identified. To date, few reports have identified an impaired frequency or function of Bregs in individuals with type 1 diabetes; thus our understanding of the role played by these Breg subsets in the pathogenesis of this condition is limited. In this review we will focus on how regulatory B cells are altered in the development of type 1 diabetes, highlighting both frequency and function and discuss both human and animal studies.
调节性 B 细胞（Bregs）具有抗炎作用，并可通过细胞因子分泌和细胞接触介导的机制来抑制自身免疫。目前已经描述了许多 Breg 亚群，它们在免疫表达标志物或细胞因子产生方面具有重叠的表型。Bregs 的一个显著特征是分泌白细胞介素 10（IL-10），尽管已经鉴定出产生白细胞介素 35（IL-35）和转化生长因子-β（TGFβ）的 B 细胞。迄今为止，很少有报道发现 1 型糖尿病患者 Bregs 的频率或功能受损；因此，我们对这些 Breg 亚群在该疾病发病机制中所起作用的理解是有限的。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注调节性 B 细胞在 1 型糖尿病发展过程中是如何发生改变的，强调频率和功能，并讨论人类和动物研究。
