Brozzo Alissa, Harl Josef, De Mattia Willy, Teixeira Dinarte, Walther Frank, Groh Klaus, Páll-Gergely Barna, Glaubrecht Matthias, Hausdorf Bernhard, Neiber Marco T
Center for Natural History (CeNak), Zoological Museum, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, 20146, Germany.
Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria.
Cladistics. 2020 Dec;36(6):594-616. doi: 10.1111/cla.12440. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
The Geomitrini is the most species-rich group of land snails in the Madeiran Archipelago. The phylogeny of the group is reconstructed based on mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers. The timing of diversification, the colonisation history of the islands of the Madeiran Archipelago and the evolution of characters of the dart apparatus are studied. The results of the phylogenetic analyses confirm the sister group relationship of Geomitrini and Cochlicellini, but also show that several previously accepted genus-group taxa are not monophyletic. A new classification for the Geomitrini is proposed, including the description of two new genera, Domunculifex Brozzo, De Mattia, Harl & Neiber, n. gen. and Testudodiscula Brozzo, De Mattia, Harl & Neiber, n. gen. The onset of diversification of Geomitrini was dated in our analysis at 13 Ma, which largely coincides with the emergence of the present-day islands. The ancestral state estimation recovered the presence of two appendiculae in the reproductive system as the ancestral state in Geomitrini. One appendicula was lost three times independently within the tribe and is even missing completely in one group. The ancestral area estimation suggests recurrent colonisations of Madeira (and the Ilhas Desertas) from the older island Porto Santo.
Geomitrini是马德拉群岛陆地蜗牛中物种最为丰富的类群。该类群的系统发育基于线粒体和核基因标记进行重建。研究了其多样化的时间、马德拉群岛各岛屿的殖民历史以及射器特征的演化。系统发育分析结果证实了Geomitrini和Cochlicellini的姐妹群关系，但也表明一些先前被认可的属级分类单元并非单系类群。提出了Geomitrini的新分类，包括描述两个新属，即Domunculifex Brozzo、De Mattia、Harl & Neiber，新属，以及Testudodiscula Brozzo、De Mattia、Harl & Neiber，新属。在我们的分析中，Geomitrini多样化的起始时间定在1300万年前，这与当今各岛屿的出现时间大致吻合。祖先状态估计显示，生殖系统中存在两个附器是Geomitrini的祖先状态。在该族内，一个附器独立地丧失了三次，甚至在一个类群中完全缺失。祖先区域估计表明，马德拉岛（以及德塞塔斯群岛）曾多次从较古老的圣港岛殖民而来。
