Barrea Luigi, Frias-Toral Evelyn, Verde Ludovica, Ceriani Florencia, Cucalón Gabriela, Garcia-Velasquez Eloisa, Moretti Dino, Savastano Silvia, Colao Annamaria, Muscogiuri Giovanna
Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143, Napoli, Italy.
Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Metabol Open. 2021 Sep 13;12:100123. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100123. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine/metabolic disorder with an ever-increasing prevalence. It has various clinical characteristics; the cardinals are androgen excess, oligo-anovulatory infertility, polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance (IR), and cardiometabolic alterations. These disturbances are a consequence of PCOS's complex etiology. PCOS is mainly related to women with obesity; however, there are many PCOS lean patients too. Even though they share some aspects in their metabolic profiles, each group has individual differences in body composition and other parameters. Thus, in order to achieve successful therapeutic strategies, they should be tailored to these details. The authors reviewed PubMed's updated and related publications about body composition and nutritional strategies for PCOS lean and obese patients. As previous reports have determined, dietary patterns are essential in PCOS treatment. Several diets have been studied to control and improve IR, infertility, and cardiometabolic dysfunctions in PCOS. This review will explain the specific features in metabolic characterization and body composition among these patients. Finally, the diverse nutritional strategies used in women with PCOS will be analyzed depending on their lean or obese phenotype.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种患病率不断上升的内分泌/代谢紊乱疾病。它具有多种临床特征；主要包括雄激素过多、少排卵性不孕、多囊卵巢、胰岛素抵抗（IR）以及心脏代谢改变。这些紊乱是PCOS复杂病因的结果。PCOS主要与肥胖女性相关；然而，也有许多体型偏瘦的PCOS患者。尽管他们在代谢特征方面有一些共同之处，但每组在身体组成和其他参数上存在个体差异。因此，为了实现成功的治疗策略，应针对这些细节进行调整。作者回顾了PubMed上关于PCOS体型偏瘦和肥胖患者的身体组成及营养策略的最新相关出版物。正如先前的报告所确定的，饮食模式在PCOS治疗中至关重要。已经研究了几种饮食来控制和改善PCOS患者的IR、不孕以及心脏代谢功能障碍。本综述将解释这些患者在代谢特征和身体组成方面的具体特点。最后，将根据PCOS女性的体型偏瘦或肥胖表型分析所采用的不同营养策略。
