对澳大利亚和新西兰与食物消费相关的环境影响的快速回顾。
A Rapid Review of the Environmental Impacts Associated with Food Consumption in Australia and New Zealand.
作者信息
Forbes Sara, Bicknell Ellyn, Guilovica Ligia, Wingrove Kate, Charlton Karen
机构信息
UniSA Online, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia.
Food and Environment Interest Group, Dietitians Australia, Canberra, Australia.
出版信息
Curr Nutr Rep. 2021 Dec;10(4):334-351. doi: 10.1007/s13668-021-00374-0. Epub 2021 Oct 8.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) have been criticised for making only brief reference to sustainability considerations. With the ADG currently under review, the purpose of this rapid review was to determine the environmental impacts associated with food consumption in Australia and New Zealand.
RECENT FINDINGS
Of the 20 articles included, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) were the most common environmental indicator (n = 12), followed by water use and water footprint (n = 7), and carbon footprint (n = 3). Whilst there are commonalities between different environmental indicators such as the large impact of discretionary food consumption on GHGe, cropland scarcity footprint, and water scarcity footprint, there is wide variation in these indicators for other food groups. Furthermore, modelling of current food consumption data to the recommended diet does not necessarily result in improvement of all indicators. The next iteration of the ADG should promote consumption of foods and dietary patterns that are associated with positive health and environmental outcomes.
综述目的
2013年澳大利亚膳食指南（ADG）因仅简要提及可持续性考量而受到批评。鉴于ADG目前正在接受审查，本次快速综述的目的是确定澳大利亚和新西兰与食物消费相关的环境影响。
最新发现
在所纳入的20篇文章中，温室气体排放（GHGe）是最常见的环境指标（n = 12），其次是用水量和水足迹（n = 7），以及碳足迹（n = 3）。虽然不同环境指标之间存在共性，如自由选择食物消费对GHGe、农田稀缺足迹和水资源稀缺足迹有很大影响，但其他食物组在这些指标上存在很大差异。此外，将当前食物消费数据建模为推荐饮食并不一定会改善所有指标。ADG的下一版应促进消费与积极的健康和环境结果相关的食物及膳食模式。
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