Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA.
J Biomech. 2021 Nov 9;128:110787. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110787. Epub 2021 Oct 4.
ACL re-injury rates are high in collegiate athletes, and double-leg squats have been used as a functional weight-bearing exercise to strengthen the lower extremities and assess bilateral kinetic asymmetries. The primary purpose was to quantify the correlations between medial-lateral shoulder/hip positions and lateral bending angles and bilateral asymmetries in vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF) and knee extension moments during double-leg squats in collegiate athletes at two assessments following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Seventeen National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes performed double-leg squats between 0 and 6 months and/or between 6 and 12 months following their ACLR while kinematic and kinetic data were collected. Medial-lateral shoulder positions strongly and significantly correlated with VGRF asymmetries at both assessments (p ≤ 0.007, r ≥ 0.68). Medial-lateral hip positions strongly and significantly correlated with VGRF asymmetries and knee moment asymmetries at both assessments (p ≤ 0.018, r ≥ 0.62). Additionally, participants demonstrated decreased VGRF asymmetries and knee moment asymmetries, more neutral shoulder and hip positions, and increased knee moments for the injured leg at the second assessment compared to the first assessment with large effect sizes (p ≤ 0.008, Cohen's d ≥ 1.06). In conclusion, medial-lateral hip positions correlated and predicted VGRF and knee moment asymmetries during double-leg squats in collegiate athletes at two assessments (0-6 and 6-12 months) following ACLR. The bilateral asymmetries support the need for an individual approach for kinetic asymmetry assessments. A commercially available camera can be utilized as a low-cost and convenient tool to monitor and potentially train bilateral kinetic symmetries during double-leg squats in patients following ACLR.
前交叉韧带重建（ACL）后，大学生运动员的 ACL 再损伤率较高，双腿深蹲已被用作功能性负重运动，以加强下肢力量，并评估双侧动力性不对称。主要目的是量化双侧肩/髋在冠状面的位置与双侧下肢垂直地面反作用力（VGRF）的外展角度和双侧伸膝力矩之间的相关性，以及在 ACL 重建后 0-6 个月和/或 6-12 个月时，大学生运动员进行双腿深蹲时的双侧不对称性。17 名美国大学生体育协会一级运动员在 ACL 重建后 0-6 个月和/或 6-12 个月时进行双腿深蹲，同时收集运动学和动力学数据。双侧肩在冠状面的位置与双侧 VGRF 不对称性在两次评估中均具有很强的显著相关性（p≤0.007，r≥0.68）。双侧髋在冠状面的位置与双侧 VGRF 不对称性和膝力矩不对称性在两次评估中均具有很强的显著相关性（p≤0.018，r≥0.62）。此外，与第一次评估相比，参与者在第二次评估中表现出较小的 VGRF 不对称性和膝力矩不对称性、更中立的肩和髋位置，以及受伤侧的膝力矩增加，具有较大的效应量（p≤0.008，Cohen's d≥1.06）。总之，在 ACL 重建后 0-6 个月和 6-12 个月的两次评估中，双侧髋在冠状面的位置与大学生运动员双腿深蹲时的 VGRF 和膝力矩不对称性相关，并可预测其不对称性。双侧不对称性支持对动力性不对称性评估采用个体化方法的需要。商业上可用的摄像机可以作为一种低成本、方便的工具，用于监测和潜在地训练 ACL 重建后患者进行双腿深蹲时的双侧动力对称性。
