Institute of Education, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
Institute of Education, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
Res Dev Disabil. 2021 Dec;119:104107. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104107. Epub 2021 Oct 8.
In this study, we considered two subscales of attention problem (AP) behaviour, inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsivity, as latent traits, extreme values of which indicate attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We examined gender differences in these traits in a community sample of Russian schoolchildren and estimated the extent to which the association of AP behaviour and math achievement varied for boys and girls. The data from a three-wave longitudinal study of math achievement of 958 children (49 % girls) were used, and growth in math achievement was estimated. The levels of inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsivity of each child were measured based on teachers' responses using the Behaviour Rating Scale (BRS). The results demonstrated that inattentiveness had a negative association with math achievement, while hyperactivity/impulsivity was positively associated with math achievement when inattentiveness was controlled for. Inattentiveness was negatively associated with math achievement in both boys and girls. However, the size of this association decreased over time for boys, so the gap between boys with high inattentiveness and low inattentiveness decreased from grade 1 to grade 2. Meanwhile, for girls, the association between inattentiveness and math remained stable, so the gap between girls with high inattentiveness and girls with low inattentiveness did not change.
在这项研究中，我们将注意力问题（AP）行为的两个亚量表——注意力不集中和多动/冲动——视为潜在特征，其极端值表明存在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。我们在俄罗斯学童的社区样本中研究了这些特征的性别差异，并估计了男孩和女孩的 AP 行为与数学成绩的关联程度的差异。我们使用了一项针对 958 名儿童（49%为女孩）的数学成绩三波纵向研究的数据，并对数学成绩的增长进行了估计。每个孩子的注意力不集中和多动/冲动水平是根据教师使用行为评定量表（BRS）的回答来衡量的。研究结果表明，在控制注意力不集中的情况下，注意力不集中与数学成绩呈负相关，而多动/冲动与数学成绩呈正相关。注意力不集中与数学成绩在男孩和女孩中均呈负相关。然而，这种关联的大小随着时间的推移而减小，因此注意力不集中的高分组和低分组之间的差距从一年级到二年级减小。与此同时，对于女孩，注意力不集中与数学成绩的关联保持稳定，因此注意力不集中的高分组和低分组之间的差距没有变化。
