Institut für Psychologie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Apr;44:135-139. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.024. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Much of human learning comes from learning from others. In this article, I review empirical work on the extent to which prosocial behavior is inspired by exposure to prosocial models. In fact, witnessing a prosocial model in person leads to an increase in the future prosocial behavior of the observer. Other research has shown that exposure to media (TV, music, video games) with depictions of prosocial behavior can also lead to an increase in prosocial behavior. Theoretical explanations and underlying mechanisms of the prosocial modeling effect are discussed. As prosocial behavior seems to be contagious, exposure to prosocial models is an effective way to encourage positive social encounters.
许多人类学习来自于向他人学习。在本文中，我回顾了实证研究，探讨了亲社会行为在多大程度上受到亲社会榜样的启发。事实上，亲眼目睹亲社会榜样会导致观察者未来亲社会行为的增加。其他研究表明，接触媒体（电视、音乐、视频游戏）中描述的亲社会行为也会导致亲社会行为的增加。本文还讨论了亲社会榜样效应的理论解释和潜在机制。由于亲社会行为似乎具有感染力，因此接触亲社会榜样是鼓励积极社交的有效方式。
