Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Dec;28(48):67925-67939. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16489-4. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
The pool of primordial follicles formed in the ovaries during early development determines the span and quality of fertility in the reproductive life of a woman. As exposure to occupational and environmental toxicants (ETs) has become inevitable, consequences on female fertility need to be established. This review focuses on the ETs, especially well-studied prototypes of the classes endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), heavy metals, agrochemicals, cigarette smoke, certain chemicals used in plastic, cosmetic and sanitary product industries etc that adversely affect the female fertility. Many in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies have indicated that these ETs have the potential to affect folliculogenesis and cause reduced fertility in women. Here, we emphasize on four main conditions: polycystic ovary syndrome, primary ovarian insufficiency, multioocytic follicles and meiotic defects including aneuploidies which can be precipitated by ETs. These are considered main causes for reduced female fertility by directly altering the follicular recruitment, development and oocytic meiosis. Although substantial experimental evidence is drawn with respect to the detrimental effects, it is clear that establishing the role of one ET as a risk factor in a single condition is difficult as multiple conditions have common risk factors. Therefore, it is important to consider this as a matter of public and wildlife health.
在女性生殖生命中，原始卵泡池在早期发育过程中在卵巢中形成，决定了生育的跨度和质量。由于职业和环境毒素 (ETs) 的暴露已成为不可避免的，因此需要确定其对女性生育力的影响。这篇综述重点介绍了 ETs，特别是经过充分研究的内分泌干扰化学物质 (EDCs)、重金属、农用化学品、香烟烟雾、某些用于塑料、化妆品和卫生产品行业的化学物质等类别的原型，这些物质对女性生育力有不利影响。许多体外、体内和流行病学研究表明，这些 ETs 有可能影响卵泡发生并导致女性生育能力下降。在这里，我们强调四个主要情况：多囊卵巢综合征、原发性卵巢功能不全、多卵卵泡和减数分裂缺陷，包括由 ETs 引起的非整倍体。这些情况通过直接改变卵泡募集、发育和卵母细胞减数分裂，被认为是降低女性生育能力的主要原因。尽管有大量关于有害影响的实验证据，但很明显，由于多种情况具有共同的危险因素，因此很难确定一种 ET 作为单一情况下的危险因素的作用。因此，将其视为公共和野生动物健康的一个问题很重要。
