Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences.
Japan Research Foundation of Prediction, Diagnosis and Therapy for Gastric Cancer.
Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2021;97(8):462-478. doi: 10.2183/pjab.97.023.
We examined the development of gastric cancer risk screening, from rat pepsinogen studies in an experimental rat gastric carcinogenesis model induced with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and human pepsinogen studies in the 1970s and 1980s to the recent "ABC method" for human gastric cancer risk screening. First, decreased expression or absence of a major pepsinogen isozyme, PG1, was observed in the rat gastric mucosa from the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis to adenocarcinomas following treatment with MNNG. In the 1980s, decreases in PGI in the human gastric mucosa and serum were identified as markers of atrophic gastritis. In the 1990s, other researchers revealed that chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) causes atrophic gastritis and later gastric cancer. In the 2000s, a gastric cancer risk screening method combining assays to detect serum anti-Hp IgG antibody and serum PGI and PGII levels, the "ABC method", was established. Eradication of Hp and endoscopic follow-up examination after the ABC method are recommended to prevent gastric cancer.
我们考察了胃癌风险筛查的发展历程，从采用 N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（MNNG）诱导的实验性大鼠胃癌发生模型中的大鼠胃蛋白酶原研究，到 20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代的人类胃蛋白酶原研究，再到最近的“ABC 法”用于人类胃癌风险筛查。首先，在 MNNG 处理后的大鼠胃黏膜中，从胃癌发生的早期阶段到腺癌，观察到主要胃蛋白酶原同工酶 PG1 的表达减少或缺失。20 世纪 80 年代，发现人类胃黏膜和血清中 PGI 的减少是萎缩性胃炎的标志物。20 世纪 90 年代，其他研究人员揭示了慢性幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染会导致萎缩性胃炎和随后的胃癌。21 世纪初，建立了一种结合检测血清抗 Hp IgG 抗体和血清 PG1 和 PG2 水平的胃癌风险筛查方法，即“ABC 法”。建议根除 Hp 并在 ABC 法后进行内镜随访检查，以预防胃癌。
