Vaughn Leigh Ann, Burkins Patricia G, Chalachan Rachael D, Judd Janak K, Garvey Chase A, Luginsland John W
Psychology Department, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, United States.
Confluent Sciences, LLC, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 26;12:710491. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.710491. eCollection 2021.
Numerous major holidays celebrate socially gathering in person. However, in major holidays that happened during the pandemic, desires to nurture relationships and maintain holiday traditions often conflicted with physical distancing and other measures to protect against COVID-19. The current research sought to understand wellbeing during American Thanksgiving in 2020, which happened 8months into the COVID-19 pandemic, after months of physical distancing and stay-at-home orders. American Thanksgiving is a major holiday not limited to any religion. We asked 404 American adults how they spent Thanksgiving Day and to report on their experiences of that day. Predictors of wellbeing that we drew from self-determination theory were satisfaction of the fundamental needs for social connection (relatedness), for doing what one really wants (autonomy), and feeling effective (competence). The predictors of wellbeing that we drew from regulatory focus theory were a focus on growth (promotion), and a focus on security (prevention). We found that feeling socially connected and focusing on growth related most strongly to wellbeing. Additionally, participants who saw even one other person face-to-face reported significantly higher relatedness satisfaction, promotion focus, and wellbeing than those who did not. Our research could help construct persuasive messages that encourage nurturing close relationships at major holidays while remaining safe against the virus.
许多重大节日都庆祝人们亲自相聚社交。然而，在疫情期间出现的重大节日里，培养人际关系和维持节日传统的愿望往往与保持社交距离及其他预防新冠病毒的措施相冲突。当前的研究旨在了解2020年美国感恩节期间人们的幸福感，当时新冠疫情已持续8个月，此前数月一直保持社交距离并实施居家令。美国感恩节是一个不限于任何宗教的重大节日。我们询问了404名美国成年人他们是如何度过感恩节的，并让他们汇报当天的经历。我们从自我决定理论中得出的幸福感预测因素包括对社会联系（关联性）、做自己真正想做的事（自主性）以及感觉有成效（能力）等基本需求的满足。我们从调节焦点理论中得出的幸福感预测因素包括对成长的关注（促进）和对安全的关注（预防）。我们发现，感觉有社会联系以及关注成长与幸福感的关联最为紧密。此外，与没有与他人面对面接触的参与者相比，哪怕只与另一个人面对面接触过的参与者报告的关联性满意度、促进焦点和幸福感都显著更高。我们的研究有助于构建有说服力的信息，鼓励人们在重大节日期间培养亲密关系，同时确保安全抵御病毒。
