Siriarchavatana Parkpoom, Kruger Marlena C, Miller Matthew R, Tian Hong, Wolber Frances M
School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
Bone Rep. 2021 Sep 24;15:101132. doi: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101132. eCollection 2021 Dec.
The osteoclast-dependent bone resorption process is a crucial part of the bone regulatory system. The excessive function of osteoclasts can cause diseases of bone, joint, and other tissues such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Greenshell mussel oil (GSM), a good source of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFAs), was fractionated into total lipid, polar lipid, and non-polar lipid components and their anti-osteoclastogenic activity tested in RAW 264.7 cell cultures. Osteoclast differentiation process was achieved after 5 days of incubation with RANKL in 24-well culture plates. Introducing the non-polar lipid fraction into the culture caused a lack of cell differentiation, and a reduction in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and TRAP cell numbers in a dose-dependent manner (50% reduction at the concentration of 20 μg/mL, p < 0.001). Moreover, actin ring formation was significantly diminished by non-polar lipids at 10-20 μg/mL. The bone digestive enzymes released by osteoclasts into the pit formation were also compromised by downregulating gene expression of cathepsin K, carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1). This study revealed that the non-polar lipid fraction of GSM oil contains bioactive substances which possess potent anti-osteoclastogenic activity.
破骨细胞依赖性骨吸收过程是骨调节系统的关键部分。破骨细胞功能亢进会导致骨骼、关节及其他组织疾病，如骨质疏松症和骨关节炎。绿贻贝油（GSM）是长链ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（LCn-3PUFAs）的优质来源，被分离为总脂质、极性脂质和非极性脂质成分，并在RAW 264.7细胞培养物中测试了它们的抗破骨细胞生成活性。在24孔培养板中用RANKL孵育5天后实现破骨细胞分化过程。将非极性脂质部分引入培养物中会导致细胞分化缺乏，并以剂量依赖性方式降低抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）活性和TRAP细胞数量（在20μg/mL浓度下降低50%，p<0.001）。此外，10-20μg/mL的非极性脂质会显著减少肌动蛋白环的形成。破骨细胞释放到凹陷形成中的骨消化酶也因组织蛋白酶K、碳酸酐酶II（CA II）、基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）和活化T细胞核因子细胞质1（NFATc1）的基因表达下调而受到影响。这项研究表明，GSM油的非极性脂质部分含有具有强大抗破骨细胞生成活性的生物活性物质。
