Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China.
Int J Epidemiol. 2022 Feb 18;51(1):225-236. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab209.
Exercise may increase the inhalation and deposition of air pollutants, which may counteract its beneficial effects. We thus examined the combined effects of chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and habitual exercise on the risk of death from cancer in Taiwan.
A total of 384 128 adults (≥18 years of age) were recruited for a medical screening programme between 2001 and 2016, yielding 842 384 medical-examination records. All participants were followed up until 31 May 2019. Vital data were obtained from the National Death Registry of Taiwan and the ambient PM2.5 exposure was estimated using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Information on habitual exercise was collected using a standard self-administered questionnaire. The time-dependent Cox-regression model was used to evaluate the combined effects.
A greater amount of habitual exercise was associated with lower risk of death from cancer, whilst a higher level of PM2.5 exposure was associated with a higher risk of death from cancer. The inverse associations of habitual exercise with death from cancer were not modified by chronic exposure to PM2.5. The participants in the group with a high level of exercise and a low level of PM2.5 exposure exhibited a 35% lower risk of death from cancer than those in the group with a low level of exercise and a high level of PM2.5 exposure (95% confidence interval: 28%, 42%).
Increased levels of exercise and reduced exposure levels of PM2.5 are associated with a lower risk of death from cancer. Habitual exercise reduces the risk of death from cancer regardless of the levels of chronic PM2.5 exposure. Our results indicate that habitual exercise is a suitable health-promotion strategy even for people who reside in moderately polluted regions.
运动可能会增加空气污染物的吸入和沉积，从而可能抵消其有益影响。因此，我们研究了在台湾，慢性细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露和习惯性运动对癌症死亡风险的综合影响。
共招募了 384128 名年龄≥18 岁的成年人参加 2001 年至 2016 年期间的医学筛查计划，共获得 842384 份体检记录。所有参与者均随访至 2019 年 5 月 31 日。通过台湾国家死亡登记处获得生命数据，使用基于卫星的时空模型估算环境 PM2.5 暴露情况。习惯性运动信息通过标准的自我管理问卷收集。使用时间依赖性 Cox 回归模型评估综合影响。
习惯性运动越多，死于癌症的风险越低，而 PM2.5 暴露水平越高，死于癌症的风险越高。习惯性运动与癌症死亡之间的反比关系不受慢性 PM2.5 暴露的影响。高水平运动和低 PM2.5 暴露组的参与者死于癌症的风险比低水平运动和高 PM2.5 暴露组的参与者低 35%（95%置信区间：28%，42%）。
增加运动水平和降低 PM2.5 暴露水平与降低癌症死亡风险有关。习惯性运动可降低癌症死亡风险，而不论慢性 PM2.5 暴露水平如何。我们的结果表明，即使对于居住在中度污染地区的人，习惯性运动也是一种合适的健康促进策略。
