饮食习惯与遗传因素之间的相互作用与 70 岁人群痴呆症发病的关系。
Interactions between dietary patterns and genetic factors in relation to incident dementia among 70-year-olds.
机构信息
Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Wallinsgatan 6, 431 41, Mölndal, Sweden.
Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden.
出版信息
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Mar;61(2):871-884. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02688-9. Epub 2021 Oct 10.
PURPOSE
To investigate potential interactions between dietary patterns and genetic factors modulating risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in relation to incident dementia.
METHODS
Data were derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden, including 602 dementia-free 70-year-olds (examined 1992-93, or 2000-02; 64% women) followed for incident dementia until 2016. Two factors from a reduced rank regression analysis were translated into dietary patterns, one healthy (e.g., vegetables, fruit, and fish) and one western (e.g., red meat, refined cereals, and full-fat dairy products). Genetic risk was determined by APOE ε4 status and non-APOE AD-polygenic risk scores (AD-PRSs). Gene-diet interactions in relation to incident dementia were analysed with Cox regression models. The interaction p value threshold was < 0.1.
RESULTS
There were interactions between the dietary patterns and APOE ε4 status in relation to incident dementia (interaction p value threshold of < 0.1), while no evidence of interactions were found between the dietary patterns and the AD-PRSs. Those with higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern had a reduced risk of dementia among ε4 non-carriers (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61; 0.98), but not among ε4 carriers (HR: 0.86; CI: 0.63; 1.18). Those with a higher adherence to the western dietary pattern had an increased risk of dementia among ε4 carriers (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05; 1.78), while no association was observed among ε4 non-carriers (HR: 0.99; CI: 0.81; 1.21).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that there is an interplay between dietary patterns and APOE ε4 status in relation to incident dementia.
目的
研究饮食模式与调节阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险的遗传因素之间的潜在相互作用，以探讨其与痴呆症发病的关系。
方法
数据来自瑞典的基于人群的哥德堡 H70 出生队列研究，包括 602 名无痴呆症的 70 岁老年人（1992-93 年或 2000-02 年检查；64%为女性），随访至 2016 年发生痴呆症。从降秩回归分析中提取出两个因素，一个是健康的（如蔬菜、水果和鱼），另一个是西方的（如红肉、精制谷物和全脂奶制品）。遗传风险由 APOE ε4 状态和非 APOE 阿尔茨海默病多基因风险评分（AD-PRS）确定。采用 Cox 回归模型分析基因-饮食相互作用与痴呆症发病的关系。交互作用 p 值的阈值为 < 0.1。
结果
在与痴呆症发病相关的饮食模式与 APOE ε4 状态之间存在交互作用（交互作用 p 值的阈值为 < 0.1），而在饮食模式与 AD-PRSs 之间未发现交互作用的证据。在非 ε4 携带者中，较高的健康饮食模式依从性与痴呆症发病风险降低相关（HR：0.77；95%CI：0.61；0.98），但在 ε4 携带者中无此相关性（HR：0.86；CI：0.63；1.18）。在 ε4 携带者中，较高的西方饮食模式依从性与痴呆症发病风险增加相关（HR：1.37；95%CI：1.05；1.78），而在非 ε4 携带者中则无此相关性（HR：0.99；CI：0.81；1.21）。
结论
本研究结果表明，在与痴呆症发病相关的饮食模式与 APOE ε4 状态之间存在相互作用。
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