Georgakopoulou Vasiliki Epameinondas, Garmpis Nikolaos, Mermigkis Dimitrios, Damaskos Christos, Chlapoutakis Serafeim, Mantzouranis Konstantinos, Gkoufa Aikaterini, Papageorgiou Chrysovalantis, Garmpi Anna, Makrodimitri Sotiria, Diamantis Evangelos, Sklapani Pagona, Trakas Nikolaos, Tsiafaki Xanthi
Pulmonology Department, Laiko General Hospital, Athens.
Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2021 Oct 11;92(2). doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.2008.
Cancer immunotherapy aims to stimulate the immune system to fight against tumors, utilizing the presentation of molecules on the surface of the malignant cells that can be recognized by the antibodies of the immune system. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a type of cancer immunotherapy, are broadly used in different types of cancer, improving patients' survival and quality of life. However, treatment with these agents causes immune-related toxicities affecting many organs. The most frequent pulmonary adverse event is pneumonitis representing a non-infective inflammation localized to the interstitium and alveoli. Other lung toxicities include airway disease, pulmonary vasculitis, sarcoid-like reactions, infections, pleural effusions, pulmonary nodules, diaphragm myositis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. This review aims to summarize these pulmonary adverse events, underlining the significance of an optimal expeditious diagnosis and management.
癌症免疫疗法旨在刺激免疫系统对抗肿瘤，利用恶性细胞表面可被免疫系统抗体识别的分子呈现。免疫检查点抑制剂作为一种癌症免疫疗法，广泛应用于不同类型的癌症，提高了患者的生存率和生活质量。然而，使用这些药物进行治疗会导致影响多个器官的免疫相关毒性。最常见的肺部不良事件是肺炎，表现为局限于间质和肺泡的非感染性炎症。其他肺部毒性包括气道疾病、肺血管炎、结节病样反应、感染、胸腔积液、肺结节、膈肌肌炎和变应性支气管肺曲霉病。本综述旨在总结这些肺部不良事件，强调最佳快速诊断和管理的重要性。
