Malika Nipher, Granillo Cristie, Irani Crissy, Montgomery Susanne, Belliard Juan Carlos
MPH, (
Program Manager for Community Health Workers, (
J Sch Health. 2021 Dec;91(12):1046-1054. doi: 10.1111/josh.13096. Epub 2021 Oct 11.
Low-income and racial/ethnic minority students often face distinct challenges in attending school eading to lower academic performance, low graduation rates, and overall, an indicator of diminished long-term social and financial stability. Chronic absenteeism is a national problem and to address this, a better understanding of risks and points of intervention for the students most at risk is needed. This cross-sectional study sought to assess risks and protective factors associated with chronic absenteeism in a predominantly low-income minority school district in Southern.
Conducted in southern California, students (N = 24,439) ages 9 to 21 years were recruited. A logistic regression was used to assess the role poor physical and mental health, safety, bullying, and family risk factors attributed to chronic absenteeism.
Results revealed that asthma (odds ratio [OR] = 1.35, p < .001), being overweight/obese (OR = 1.38, p < .01), presence of family risk factors (OR = 1.49, p < .001), bullying (OR = 0.84, p < .05) and perceptions of safety at school (OR = 1.24, p < .05) increased the odds of chronic absenteeism, while protective factors such as support (OR = 1.30, p < .001), increased sleep (OR = 0.96, p < .001) and positive growth mindset (OR = 0.96, p < .001), mitigated it.
This study not only identifies risk but protective factors worth adhering to, to promote school attendance. Future research should further examine the role of mental health in chronic absenteeism.
低收入以及少数种族/族裔学生在上学过程中常常面临独特的挑战，这导致他们学业成绩较低、毕业率不高，总体而言，这是长期社会和经济稳定性下降的一个指标。长期缺勤是一个全国性问题，为了解决这一问题，需要更好地了解风险以及针对风险最高的学生的干预点。这项横断面研究旨在评估南加州一个主要为低收入少数族裔学区中与长期缺勤相关的风险和保护因素。
在南加州开展研究，招募了年龄在9至21岁的学生（N = 24439）。采用逻辑回归来评估身心健康不佳、安全、欺凌和家庭风险因素对长期缺勤的影响。
结果显示，哮喘（比值比[OR]=1.35，p<0.001）、超重/肥胖（OR = 1.38，p<0.01）、存在家庭风险因素（OR = 1.49，p<0.001）、欺凌（OR = 0.84，p<0.05）以及对学校安全的认知（OR = 1.24，p<0.05）会增加长期缺勤的几率，而诸如支持（OR = 1.30，p<0.001）、睡眠时间增加（OR = 0.96，p<0.001）和积极的成长心态（OR = 0.96，p<0.001）等保护因素则会降低长期缺勤的几率。
本研究不仅识别出了风险因素，还发现了有助于提高出勤率的保护因素。未来的研究应进一步探讨心理健康在长期缺勤中的作用。
