治疗儿童便秘的非处方缓泻药的证据是什么？
What is the Evidence for Over the Counter Laxatives to Treat Childhood Constipation?
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics , Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2021 Oct 12;23(11):19. doi: 10.1007/s11894-021-00818-1.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Functional constipation is a common pediatric GI disorder that is responsible for a significant portion of pediatric office visits each year. It presents a significant stressor for patients, their families, and providers alike. There are a variety of over the counter agents available for treatment of pediatric constipation.
RECENT FINDINGS
Osmotic laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) and lactulose, remain the most effective and safe therapy for both long and short term treatment of pediatric functional constipation. Stimulant laxatives, like Senna and Bisacodyl, probiotics, fiber preparations, enemas, and suppositories make excellent choices for adjunct therapies in specific clinical scenarios. There are multiple over the counter pharmacologic agents with various mechanisms of action that have demonstrated efficacy in pediatric functional constipation. These therapies are generally safe and well tolerated by patients.
目的综述
功能性便秘是一种常见的儿科胃肠道疾病，占每年儿科就诊量的很大一部分。它给患者、患者家属和医务人员都带来了很大的压力。有多种非处方药物可用于治疗儿童便秘。
最近的发现
渗透性泻药，如聚乙二醇 3350（PEG 3350）和乳果糖，仍然是治疗儿童功能性便秘的最有效和最安全的长期和短期治疗方法。刺激性泻药，如番泻叶和比沙可啶、益生菌、纤维制剂、灌肠剂和栓剂，在特定的临床情况下，是辅助治疗的极佳选择。有多种具有不同作用机制的非处方药物已被证明对儿童功能性便秘有效。这些治疗方法通常对患者安全且耐受良好。
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