Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2021 Dec;10(24):e2101177. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202101177. Epub 2021 Oct 24.
Fluorescence probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property are fascinating and vital in biological fields due to their bright fluorescence in the solid state. In contrast, traditional AIE materials are obscured by the off-target effects and lack of spatial and temporal control. Photoactivatable materials with AIE characteristics, whose physicochemical behaviors can be remotely activated by light, provide great potential in biochemical information acquisition with high spatial and temporal resolution. By using AIE-featured photoactivatable fluorescence probes, accurate analysis of the targets of interest is possible. For example, where, when, and to what extent a process is started or stopped by manipulating the non-invasive light accurately. Thus, many researchers are enthusiastic about developing AIE-featured photoactivatable materials and mainly focus on developing novel molecules by rational molecular structure design, and exploring advanced applications by appropriate molecular functionalization. In this review, the recent achievements of photoactivatable materials with AIE characteristics from the aspects involving inherent mechanism of photoactivity, molecular design strategy, and the corresponding applications in biological fields, are summarized. The biological applications are highlighted and discussed, including photoactivatable bioimaging, diagnosis, and photo-controlled therapy. Finally, the challenges and prospects of the AIE-featured photoactivatable materials are also outlined and discussed.
具有聚集诱导发光 (AIE) 特性的荧光探针因其在固态下具有明亮的荧光而在生物领域中非常引人关注和重要。相比之下，传统的 AIE 材料受到脱靶效应的影响，缺乏时空控制。具有 AIE 特性的光活化材料的理化行为可以通过光远程激活，为高时空分辨率的生化信息获取提供了巨大的潜力。通过使用具有 AIE 特性的光活化荧光探针，可以对感兴趣的目标进行精确分析。例如，可以通过精确操纵非侵入性的光，准确地分析一个过程在何处、何时以及在何种程度上开始或停止。因此，许多研究人员热衷于开发具有 AIE 特性的光活化材料，主要通过合理的分子结构设计来开发新型分子，并通过适当的分子功能化来探索先进的应用。在这篇综述中，总结了具有 AIE 特性的光活化材料在涉及光活性固有机制、分子设计策略以及在生物领域中的相应应用等方面的最新进展。重点讨论和强调了其在光活化生物成像、诊断和光控治疗等生物应用方面的应用。最后，还概述和讨论了具有 AIE 特性的光活化材料所面临的挑战和前景。
