University of Groningen, Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, the Netherlands.
University of Groningen, Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, the Netherlands.
Appetite. 2022 Jan 1;168:105746. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105746. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
The term 'hangry' is colloquially used to describe being "bad tempered or irritable as a result of hunger," but remarkably few studies have examined the effect of hunger on emotions. Yet, women attempting to restrict their food intake may be at risk of becoming entangled in a vicious cycle of hunger and negative emotions. That is, hunger may lead to negative emotions, which can lead to overeating and overeating can, in turn, provoke subsequent restriction leading to more hunger. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the effect of hunger on positive and negative emotions in women with a healthy BMI, and the role of subclinical eating disorder symptoms in this effect. We randomly assigned women to a hunger condition (fasting for 14 h, n = 53) or satiated condition (eat breakfast before the study, n = 55), and they completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and the Profile of Mood States in the lab. Hungry women reported overall higher negative emotions (higher tension, anger, fatigue, and confusion) and lower positive emotions (lower vigour and marginally lower esteem-related affect) than satiated women. Moreover, for satiated but not for hungry women, higher eating disorder symptoms were associated with lower esteem-related affect. These findings show that food restriction leads to negative emotions, and practitioners and individuals should be aware of these implications of food restriction on mental health. Second, clinicians and individuals should be wary of relatively low esteem-related affect when satiated in individuals with eating disorder symptoms, as it could serve as a maintaining factor in eating pathology.
“饿怒”一词通俗地用来形容“由于饥饿而脾气暴躁或易怒”，但很少有研究探讨饥饿对情绪的影响。然而，试图限制食物摄入的女性可能会陷入饥饿和负面情绪的恶性循环。也就是说，饥饿可能会导致负面情绪，而负面情绪又可能导致暴饮暴食，而暴饮暴食又会反过来引发随后的限制，导致更多的饥饿。因此，本研究旨在探讨健康 BMI 的女性饥饿对积极和消极情绪的影响，以及亚临床饮食障碍症状在这种影响中的作用。我们随机将女性分配到饥饿组（禁食 14 小时，n=53）或饱腹组（在研究前吃早餐，n=55），并在实验室中完成饮食障碍检查问卷和情绪状态问卷。与饱腹女性相比，饥饿女性报告的总体负面情绪（紧张、愤怒、疲劳和困惑程度更高）更高，积极情绪（活力和与自尊相关的情绪略低）更低。此外，对于饱腹女性，但不是饥饿女性，较高的饮食障碍症状与较低的与自尊相关的情绪有关。这些发现表明，节食会导致负面情绪，从业者和个人应该意识到节食对心理健康的这些影响。其次，临床医生和个人在饮食障碍症状患者感到饱腹时应警惕相对较低的与自尊相关的情绪，因为它可能是饮食失调的维持因素。
