Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 571478334, Iran.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 3;22(19):10719. doi: 10.3390/ijms221910719.
Gastric cancer (GC), with a heterogeneous nature, is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Over the past few decades, stable reductions in the incidence of GC have been observed. However, due to the poor response to common treatments and late diagnosis, this cancer is still considered one of the lethal cancers. Emerging methods such as immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the landscape of treatment for GC patients. There are presently eleven known members of the B7 family as immune checkpoint molecules: B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), B7-H1 (PD-L1, CD274), B7-DC (PDCD1LG2, PD-L2, CD273), B7-H2 (B7RP1, ICOS-L, CD275), B7-H3 (CD276), B7-H4 (B7x, B7S1, Vtcn1), B7-H5 (VISTA, Gi24, DD1α, Dies1 SISP1), B7-H6 (NCR3LG1), B7-H7 (HHLA2), and Ig-like domain-containing receptor 2 (ILDR2). Interaction of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands with the corresponding receptors resulted in the induction and inhibition of T cell responses by sending co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals, respectively. Manipulation of the signals provided by the B7 family has significant potential in the management of GC.
胃癌（GC）具有异质性，是全球第三大死亡原因。在过去几十年中，GC 的发病率呈稳定下降趋势。然而，由于对常规治疗的反应不佳和诊断较晚，这种癌症仍然被认为是致命癌症之一。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）等新兴方法的免疫疗法改变了 GC 患者的治疗格局。目前已知有 11 种 B7 家族免疫检查点分子：B7-1（CD80）、B7-2（CD86）、B7-H1（PD-L1，CD274）、B7-DC（PDCD1LG2，PD-L2，CD273）、B7-H2（B7RP1，ICOS-L，CD275）、B7-H3（CD276）、B7-H4（B7x，B7S1，Vtcn1）、B7-H5（VISTA，Gi24，DD1α，Dies1 SISP1）、B7-H6（NCR3LG1）、B7-H7（HHLA2）和含免疫球蛋白样结构域的受体 2（ILDR2）。B7 家族免疫调节配体与相应受体的相互作用分别通过发送共刺激和共抑制信号来诱导和抑制 T 细胞反应。B7 家族提供的信号的操纵在 GC 的管理中具有重要的潜力。
