Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Blood. 2013 Jan 31;121(5):734-44. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-10-385591. Epub 2012 Dec 6.
The B7 family consists of structurally related, cell-surface proteins that regulate immune responses by delivering costimulatory or coinhibitory signals through their ligands. Eight family members have been identified to date including CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), CD274 (programmed cell death-1 ligand [PD-L1]), CD273 (programmed cell death-2 ligand [PD-L2]), CD275 (inducible costimulator ligand [ICOS-L]), CD276 (B7-H3), B7-H4, and B7-H6. B7 ligands are expressed on both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. The importance of the B7 family in regulating immune responses is clear from their demonstrated role in the development of immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases. Manipulation of the signals delivered by B7 ligands shows great potential in the treatment of cancers including leukemias and lymphomas and in regulating allogeneic T-cell responses after stem cell transplantation.
B7 家族由结构相关的细胞表面蛋白组成，通过其配体传递共刺激或共抑制信号来调节免疫反应。迄今为止，已经鉴定出 8 个家族成员，包括 CD80（B7-1）、CD86（B7-2）、CD274（程序性细胞死亡 1 配体[PD-L1]）、CD273（程序性细胞死亡 2 配体[PD-L2]）、CD275（诱导共刺激配体[ICOS-L]）、CD276（B7-H3）、B7-H4 和 B7-H6。B7 配体在淋巴组织和非淋巴组织上均有表达。B7 家族在调节免疫反应中的重要性从其在免疫缺陷和自身免疫性疾病发展中的作用中显而易见。B7 配体传递信号的操纵在治疗癌症（包括白血病和淋巴瘤）和调节干细胞移植后同种异体 T 细胞反应方面显示出巨大的潜力。
