Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 28;18(19):10187. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910187.
Early acquisition of healthy lifestyle habits is crucial for good adult health. For this reason, the primary stage of education is a critical period to implement educational policies in this regard. The aim of this review is to compile the published evidence regarding school interventions at the primary stage aimed at preventing obesity, and which integrate as part of their action plan two features: an improvement in knowledge or nutrition habits and the promotion of physical activity (PA), and the use of new information and communications technologies (ICT) to do this. The method used for this review is the searching of different databases for publications that include these criteria. The results show beneficial effects of such interventions in improved eating habits and increased PA. The effect on BMI is limited, and the use of ICT can be of help at a motivational level for the maintenance and fulfilment of the health objectives. However, studies of this type in elementary school are very limited, so it would be necessary to continue researching on this line. In conclusion, this review demonstrates the suitability of carrying out mixed interventions (improved nutrition and PA) together with the use of new technologies to improve health and prevent obesity at an early age.
早期养成健康的生活习惯对于成年人的健康至关重要。因此，教育的初级阶段是实施这方面教育政策的关键时期。本综述的目的是整理已发表的关于小学阶段旨在预防肥胖的学校干预措施的证据，这些措施将作为其行动计划的一部分，整合两个方面：知识或营养习惯的改善和体育活动（PA）的促进，并利用新的信息和通信技术（ICT）来实现这一目标。本综述采用的方法是在不同的数据库中搜索符合这些标准的出版物。结果表明，这些干预措施在改善饮食习惯和增加体育活动方面具有有益的效果。对 BMI 的影响是有限的，而 ICT 的使用在维持和实现健康目标方面的激励水平上可能有所帮助。然而，小学阶段的此类研究非常有限，因此有必要继续在这方面进行研究。总之，本综述表明，在早期开展混合干预（改善营养和 PA）并结合使用新技术来改善健康和预防肥胖是合适的。
