Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Brasil.
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2021 Oct 8;37(10):e00202920. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00202920. eCollection 2021.
This study sought to examine the association between lifestyle-related behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students. This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data of a dynamic-cohort study from a public university in Central-Western Brazil, in all 21 undergraduate full-time courses. Students up to 25 years old who were enrolled for the first time in a university were included in the study, except pregnant and/or nursing women. All students who met the eligibility criteria were invited to participate in the study. From a total of 1,212 eligible students, 1,038 were included (85.6%). All participants answered a self-administered questionnaire on smoking, alcohol consumption, screen time, sleep duration, and meal patterns. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multivariate Poisson regression models stratified by sex were used to estimate the associations. Depressive symptoms was observed in 31.6% (males 23.6%; females 39.9%; p-value chi-square test = 0.01) of the students. Smoking, drinking spirits, and having irregular meal habits were directly associated with depressive symptoms in both males and females. The co-occurrence of two risk behaviors (men: aPR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.25; 3.99; women: aPR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.03; 2.30) and three or more risk behaviors (men: aPR = 3.42, 95%CI: 1.90; 6.16; women: aPR = 2.09, 95%CI: 1.39; 3.15) increased the occurrence of depressive symptoms among the students. Lifestyle-related unhealthy behaviors were associated with an increased occurrence of depressive symptoms among college students. These findings suggest the need of interventions encouraging changes in lifestyle to promote mental health and to improve the quality of life in this group.
本研究旨在探讨大学生生活方式相关行为与抑郁症状之间的关联。这项横断面研究分析了巴西中西部一所公立大学动态队列研究的基线数据，涵盖了所有 21 个本科全日制课程。研究纳入了首次入读大学且年龄在 25 岁以下的学生，但不包括孕妇和/或哺乳期妇女。所有符合入选标准的学生均被邀请参加研究。在总共 1212 名符合条件的学生中，有 1038 名（85.6%）学生被纳入研究。所有参与者均回答了一份关于吸烟、饮酒、屏幕时间、睡眠时间和用餐模式的自我管理问卷。抑郁症状使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）进行评估。采用按性别分层的多变量泊松回归模型来估计关联。研究发现，31.6%（男性 23.6%；女性 39.9%；卡方检验 p 值=0.01）的学生存在抑郁症状。吸烟、饮酒和不规律的饮食习惯与男性和女性的抑郁症状直接相关。两种风险行为（男性：aPR=2.23，95%CI：1.25；3.99；女性：aPR=1.54，95%CI：1.03；2.30）和三种或更多种风险行为（男性：aPR=3.42，95%CI：1.90；6.16；女性：aPR=2.09，95%CI：1.39；3.15）的同时发生增加了学生中抑郁症状的发生。生活方式相关的不健康行为与大学生中抑郁症状的发生增加有关。这些发现表明，需要采取干预措施，鼓励改变生活方式，以促进这一群体的心理健康和提高生活质量。
