Ueda Kazutaka, Fukuma Nobuaki, Adachi Yusuke, Numata Genri, Tokiwa Hiroyuki, Toyoda Masayuki, Otani Akira, Hashimoto Masaki, Liu Pang-Yen, Takimoto Eiki
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyô, Japan.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 28;12:738218. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.738218. eCollection 2021.
Great progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and this has improved the prevention and prognosis of CVDs. However, while sex differences in CVDs have been well documented and studied for decades, their full extent remains unclear. Results of the latest clinical studies provide strong evidence of sex differences in the efficacy of drug treatment for heart failure, thereby possibly providing new mechanistic insights into sex differences in CVDs. In this review, we discuss the significance of sex differences, as rediscovered by recent studies, in the pathogenesis of CVDs. First, we provide an overview of the results of clinical trials to date regarding sex differences and hormone replacement therapy. Then, we discuss the role of sex differences in the maintenance and disruption of cardiovascular tissue homeostasis.
在心血管疾病（CVDs）病理生理学的理解方面已经取得了巨大进展，这改善了CVDs的预防和预后。然而，尽管CVDs中的性别差异已经被充分记录和研究了几十年，但其全貌仍不清楚。最新临床研究结果为心力衰竭药物治疗效果中的性别差异提供了有力证据，从而可能为CVDs中的性别差异提供新的机制见解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了近期研究重新发现的性别差异在CVDs发病机制中的重要性。首先，我们概述了迄今为止关于性别差异和激素替代疗法的临床试验结果。然后，我们讨论性别差异在维持和破坏心血管组织稳态中的作用。
