Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.
Dig Endosc. 2022 May;34(4):687-699. doi: 10.1111/den.14169. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
Endoscopic therapies in proton pump inhibitors (PPI) dependent/refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are increasingly indicated in patients who are not suitable or willing for chronic medical therapy and surgical fundoplication. Currently available endoluminal anti-reflux procedures include radiofrequency therapy (Stretta), suturing/plication and mucosal ablation/resection techniques at the gastroesophageal junction. Meticulous work up and patient selection results in a favorable outcome with these endoscopic therapies, especially the quality of life and partially the PPI independence. Stretta can be considered in patients with PPI refractory GERD and might have a role in patients with reflux hypersensitivity and functional heartburn. Endoscopic fundoplication using the Esophyx device and the GERD-X device have strong evidence (multiple randomized controlled trials) in patients with small hiatus hernia and high volume reflux episodes. Mucosal resection/ablation techniques like anti-reflux mucosectomy and anti-reflux mucosal ablation have shown promising results but need long term follow-up studies to prove their efficacy. The subset of PPI dependent GERD population will benefit from endoscopic therapies and the future of endoscopic management of GERD looks promising.
质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 依赖/难治性胃食管反流病 (GERD) 的内镜治疗在不适合或不愿意接受慢性药物治疗和外科胃底折叠术的患者中越来越适用。目前可用于腔内抗反流的程序包括射频治疗 (Stretta)、缝合/固定以及胃食管交界处的黏膜消融/切除术。这些内镜治疗的精细工作和患者选择可带来良好的效果,尤其是在生活质量和部分 PPI 独立性方面。Stretta 可用于 PPI 难治性 GERD 患者,并且可能在反流过敏和功能性烧心患者中发挥作用。使用 Esophyx 装置和 GERD-X 装置的内镜胃底折叠术在小裂孔疝和高容量反流发作的患者中有强有力的证据(多项随机对照试验)。黏膜切除术/消融技术,如反流性黏膜炎切除术和反流性黏膜消融术,已显示出有前途的结果,但需要长期随访研究来证明其疗效。PPI 依赖型 GERD 患者人群将受益于内镜治疗,GERD 的内镜管理前景看好。
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