Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Neuroradiology. 2022 Feb;64(2):217-232. doi: 10.1007/s00234-021-02821-9. Epub 2021 Oct 15.
J-difference-edited spectroscopy is a valuable approach for the detection of low-concentration metabolites with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Currently, few edited MRS studies are performed in neonates due to suboptimal signal-to-noise ratio, relatively long acquisition times, and vulnerability to motion artifacts. Nonetheless, the technique presents an exciting opportunity in pediatric imaging research to study rapid maturational changes of neurotransmitter systems and other metabolic systems in early postnatal life. Studying these metabolic processes is vital to understanding the widespread and rapid structural and functional changes that occur in the first years of life. The overarching goal of this review is to provide an introduction to edited MRS for neonates, including the current state-of-the-art in editing methods and editable metabolites, as well as to review the current literature applying edited MRS to the neonatal brain. Existing challenges and future opportunities, including the lack of age-specific reference data, are also discussed.
J-差值编辑波谱学是磁共振波谱（MRS）检测低浓度代谢物的一种有效方法。目前，由于信噪比不佳、采集时间相对较长以及易受运动伪影影响，新生儿进行的编辑 MRS 研究较少。尽管如此，该技术在儿科成像研究中提供了一个令人兴奋的机会，可以研究神经递质系统和其他代谢系统在新生儿后期生命中的快速成熟变化。研究这些代谢过程对于理解生命最初几年中广泛而快速的结构和功能变化至关重要。本综述的总体目标是介绍用于新生儿的编辑 MRS，包括编辑方法和可编辑代谢物的最新进展，并回顾应用编辑 MRS 研究新生儿大脑的现有文献。还讨论了现有的挑战和未来的机会，包括缺乏特定年龄的参考数据。
