State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, Institution of Plant protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China.
J Insect Sci. 2021 Sep 1;21(5). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab077.
Crop resistance plays a role in preventing aphid damage, benefiting food production industries, but its effects are limited due to aphid adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. Therefore, furthering understanding of aphid-crop interactions will improve our ability to protect crops from aphids. To determine how aphids adapt to resistant varieties of wheat, Triticum aestivum L. over time, we performed a laboratory experiment to assess the multi-generational effects of three wheat varieties, Batis, Ww2730, and Xiaoyan22, with different resistance levels on the fitness of Sitobion avenae (Fab.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The results showed that Ww2730 and Xiaoyan22 were more resistant than Batis to S. avenae, regardless of whether the aphids were newly introduced or had been acclimated before being introduced to the three wheat varieties. However, the effect of resistance on aphid life-history traits was time dependent. Aphid weigh gain increased and they development faster of the acclimated generation compared to the newly introduced generation on all three varieties. And the fecundity on the three varieties and net reproduction rates on Batis and Xiaoyan22 significantly decreased. Aphid fitness in terms of individual life-history parameters improved, whereas aphid fitness in terms of reproductive decreased, and a convergence effect, the difference gaps and standard errors of all life-history traits among the three acclimated populations had narrowed and were less than those in the three first-generation populations, was observed during the 3-mo experimental period. We suggested that S. avenae could rapidly respond to wheat resistance through life-history plasticity.
作物抗性在防止蚜虫损害方面发挥作用，有利于食品生产行业，但由于蚜虫的适应和表型可塑性，其效果有限。因此，进一步了解蚜虫与作物的相互作用将提高我们保护作物免受蚜虫侵害的能力。为了确定蚜虫随着时间的推移如何适应小麦的抗性品种，我们进行了一项实验室实验，以评估三种小麦品种（Batis、Ww2730 和 Xiaoyan22）的多代效应对具有不同抗性水平的燕麦蚜（Sitobion avenae（Fab.）（半翅目：蚜虫科）的适合度的影响。结果表明，无论蚜虫是新引入的还是在引入三种小麦品种之前已经适应，Ww2730 和 Xiaoyan22 对 S. avenae 的抗性都强于 Batis。然而，抗性对蚜虫生活史特征的影响是时间依赖的。与新引入的一代相比，适应一代的蚜虫体重增加，发育更快。三种品种上的产卵量和净生殖率均显著降低。个体生活史参数方面的蚜虫适应性提高，而繁殖方面的蚜虫适应性降低，在 3 个月的实验期间，观察到趋同效应，即三个适应种群的所有生活史特征的差异差距和标准误差均缩小且小于三个第一代种群。我们认为，S. avenae 可以通过生活史可塑性快速响应小麦抗性。
