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经肛门全直肠系膜切除术吻合加固缝线吻合相关并发症:低位直肠癌的回顾性单中心研究。

Anastomosis-Related Complications After Stapled Anastomosis With Reinforced Sutures in Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision for Low Rectal Cancer: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

机构信息

Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2022 Feb 1;65(2):246-253. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002016.

DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000002016
PMID:34657080
Abstract

BACKGROUND

The International Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision Registry group showed that transanal total mesorectal excision included clinical issues regarding anastomosis-related complications.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated anastomotic complications in patients whose anastomoses were created with the stapler plus reinforced sutures procedure after transanal total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancer.

DESIGN

This was a retrospective single-center study.

SETTING

The study was conducted at the National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan.

PATIENTS

Between June 2016 and December 2019, 150 patients underwent transanal total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancer. Stapled anastomosis was performed for 55 patients, and coloanal handsewn anastomosis was performed for 95 patients. Blood perfusion of the colon was routinely evaluated with intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence angiography. All patients who underwent stapled anastomosis received additional handsewn sutures on all rounds of the stapled line. Patients who underwent intersphincteric resection were excluded.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The anastomosis-related complications were compared between the groups.

RESULTS

Early anastomotic leakage was found in one (1.8%) and eight (8.4%) patients in the stapled group and handsewn group. Overall anastomosis-related complications, pelvic abscess, and anastomotic stenosis were significantly less frequent in the stapled group (p < 0.001, p < 0.048, and p < 0.032). Incomplete donuts after the stapled anastomosis were observed in 9 patients (16.4%); however, we reinforced all around the stapled line in these patients, and this reduced the subsequent occurrence of anastomotic leakage.

LIMITATIONS

First, this was a retrospective single-center study that was not randomized or controlled. Second, there were chronological differences regarding the anastomotic method between the two groups. Third, our study included a relatively small number of patients who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS

Stapled anastomosis with reinforced handsewn sutures resulted in fewer anastomosis-related complications than did coloanal handsewn anastomosis after transanal total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancer; thus, the former may be superior and should be the preferred method, when technically possible. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B749.COMPLICACIONES RELACIONADAS CON LAS ANASTOMOSIS ENGRAMPADAS Y REFORZADAS CON SUTURAS EN LA EXCISIÓN TOTAL DEL MESORRECTO POR VÍA TRANSANAL EN CASOS DE CÁNCER DE RECTO BAJO: ESTUDIO RETROSPECTIVO UNICÉNTRICO.

ANTECEDENTES

El grupo del Registro Internacional de Excisión Total del Mesorrecto por vía Transanal mostró que la excisión total mesorrectal transanal incluía problemas clínicos relacionados a las complicaciones involucradas con la anastomosis.

OBJETIVO

Se evaluaron las complicaciones anastomóticas en pacientes cuyas anastomosis se realizaron con engrampadora reforzada de suturas después de la excisión total de l mesorrecto por vía transanal en casos de cáncer de recto bajo.

DISEO

Estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico.

AJUSTE

El Hospital del Centro Nacional del Cáncer del Este, Japón.

PACIENTES

Entre junio de 2016 y diciembre de 2019, 150 pacientes se sometieron a excisión total del mesorrecto por vía transanal en casos de cáncer de recto bajo. Se realizó anastomosis con engrampadora en 55 y anastomosis coloanal suturada a mano en 95 pacientes. La perfusión tisular sanguínea del colon operado se evaluó de forma rutinaria con angiografía de fluorescencia con verde de indocianina intraoperatoria. Todos los pacientes que se sometieron a anastomosis con grapas recibieron suturas realizadas a mano adicionales sobre la totalidad de la línea de grapas. Se excluyeron los pacientes sometidos a resección interesfintérica.

PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO

Las complicaciones relacionadas con la anastomosis se compararon entre los grupos.

RESULTADOS

Se encontró fuga anastomótica temprana en 1 (1.8%) y 8 (8.4%) pacientes en el grupo de engrampado y en el grupo suturado a mano, respectivamente. En general, las complicaciones relacionadas con la anastomosis, el absceso pélvico y la estenosis anastomótica fueron significativamente menos frecuentes en el grupo con grapas (p < 0.001, p < 0.048, p < 0.032, respectivamente). Se observaron donas incompletas después de la anastomosis grapada en 9 pacientes (16,4%); sin embargo, reforzamos todo alrededor de la línea de grapas en estos pacientes, y esto redujo la aparición posterior de fugas anastomóticas.

LIMITACIONES

Inicialmente, este fue un estudio retrospectivo de un solo centro que no fue aleatorizado ni controlado. En segundo lugar, hubo diferencias cronológicas con respecto al método anastomótico entre los dos grupos. En tercer lugar, nuestro estudio incluyó un número relativamente pequeño de pacientes que recibieron quimiorradioterapia preoperatoria.

CONCLUSIONES

La anastomosis engrapada reforzada con suturas realizadas a mano dio como resultado menos complicaciones relacionadas con la anastomosis que la anastomosis coloanal suturada a mano después de la excisión total del mesorrecto por vía transanal en casos de cáncer de recto bajo; por tanto, el primero puede ser superior y debería ser el método preferido, cuando sea técnicamente posible. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B749. (Traducción-Dr. Xavier Delgadillo).

摘要

背景

国际经肛门全直肠系膜切除术注册组显示,经肛门全直肠系膜切除术包括与吻合相关并发症相关的临床问题。

目的

本研究评估了低位直肠癌经肛门全直肠系膜切除术后使用吻合器加加固缝线进行吻合的吻合口并发症。

设计

这是一项回顾性单中心研究。

设置

研究在日本国家癌症中心医院东部分院进行。

患者

2016 年 6 月至 2019 年 12 月,150 例低位直肠癌患者接受经肛门全直肠系膜切除术。55 例患者行吻合器吻合,95 例患者行结肠肛管手工吻合。术中常规采用吲哚菁绿荧光血管造影评估结肠血供。所有接受吻合器吻合的患者在吻合器吻合线上均接受额外的手工缝线缝合。排除行经括约肌间切除术的患者。

主要观察指标

比较两组患者的吻合口相关并发症。

结果

吻合器组和手工组各有 1 例(1.8%)和 8 例(8.4%)患者发生早期吻合口漏。吻合口相关并发症、盆腔脓肿和吻合口狭窄在吻合器组显著较少(p < 0.001,p < 0.048,p < 0.032)。吻合器吻合后不完全的“甜甜圈”在 9 例患者中观察到(16.4%);然而,我们在这些患者的吻合器吻合线上加强了所有缝线,这减少了随后吻合口漏的发生。

局限性

首先,这是一项回顾性单中心研究,未进行随机或对照。其次,两组之间吻合方法存在时间差异。第三,我们的研究包括接受术前放化疗的患者数量相对较少。

结论

与低位直肠癌经肛门全直肠系膜切除术后的结肠肛管手工吻合相比,吻合器吻合加加固缝线可导致更少的吻合口相关并发症;因此,在技术上可行的情况下,前者可能更优,应作为首选方法。观看视频摘要:http://links.lww.com/DCR/B749.

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