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经肛门全直肠系膜切除术治疗中低位直肠癌:学习曲线评估及与标准腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术的短期疗效比较

Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision in Mid-Low Rectal Cancer: Evaluation of the Learning Curve and Comparison of Short-term Results With Standard Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision.

机构信息

Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2021 Apr 1;64(4):380-388. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001816.

DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001816
PMID:33394779
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ever since transanal total mesorectal excision was introduced by Sylla and Lacy in 2010, it has become more popular among colorectal surgeons. However, some surgeons hesitate to use it, because this novel approach differs greatly from laparoscopic total mesorectal excision and requires a long learning curve.

OBJECTIVE

This study analyzed the learning curve of transanal total mesorectal excision procedure and compared the different phases of transanal total mesorectal excision with laparoscopic total mesorectal excision.

DESIGN

This is retrospective case-control study.

SETTINGS

We used data from the approved colorectal cancer database of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

PATIENTS

The patients involved in this study underwent transanal total mesorectal excision performed by a single surgeon (L.K.) or underwent laparoscopic transanal total mesorectal excision performed by experienced surgeons.

INTERVENTIONS

Transanal or laparoscopic resection of mid-low rectal cancer was conducted.

MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES

Perioperative complication and resection margin were measured.

RESULTS

A total of 342 patients were included in both groups. The learning curve of transanal total mesorectal excision was divided into 3 phases. Data show that demographics and tumor characteristics were not significantly different between the matched groups. Indeed, during phase 1, only operative time was longer than in the laparoscopic group, whereas, during phase 2, results from the transanal group were comparable with the laparoscopic group. Results show that, during phase 3, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay were all lower than in the laparoscopic group. Local recurrence occurred in 3 patients during phase 1 and in 1 patient during phase 2.

LIMITATIONS

This study was a small retrospective study and focused on just 1 surgeon performing transanal total mesorectal excision.

CONCLUSIONS

Short-term and histopathologic outcomes are similar compared between a transanal group and matched laparoscopic group. Transanal total mesorectal excision also provided good oncologic outcomes. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B450.

ESCISIN MESORRECTAL TOTAL TRANSANAL EN EL CNCER DE RECTO MEDIOBAJO EVALUACIN DE LA CURVA DE APRENDIZAJE Y COMPARACIN DE RESULTADOS A CORTO PLAZO CON TME LAPAROSCPICA ESTNDAR

ANTECEDENTES:Desde que Sylla y Lacy introdujeron la escisión mesorrectal total transanal en 2010, se ha vuelto más popular entre los cirujanos colorrectales. Sin embargo, algunos cirujanos dudan en utilizarlo, porque este nuevo método difiere mucho de la escisión mesorrectal total laparoscópica y requiere una larga curva de aprendizaje.OBJETIVO:Este estudio analizó la curva de aprendizaje del procedimiento de escisión mesorrectal total transanal y comparó las diferentes fases de la escisión mesorrectal total transanal con la escisión mesorrectal total laparoscópica.DISEÑO:Este es un estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles.ENTORNO CLINICO:Utilizamos base de datos de cáncer colorrectal aprobada del Sexto Hospital Afiliado de la Universidad Sun Yat-sen (Guangzhou, China).PACIENTES:Los pacientes involucrados en este estudio fueron sometidos a escisión mesorrectal total transanal realizada por un solo cirujano (LK) o se sometieron a escisión mesorrectal total transanal laparoscópica realizada por cirujanos experimentados.INTERVENCIONES:Resección transanal o laparoscópica de cáncer de recto medio-bajo.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE VOLARCION:complicación perioperatoria y margen de resección.RESULTADOS:Se incluyó un total de 342 pacientes en ambos grupos. La curva de aprendizaje de la escisión mesorrectal total transanal se dividió en tres fases. Los datos muestran que las características demográficas y tumorales no fueron significativamente diferentes entre los grupos emparejados. De hecho, durante la fase 1, solo el tiempo operatorio fue más largo que en el grupo laparoscópico. Mientras que durante la fase 2, los resultados del grupo transanal fueron comparables a los del grupo laparoscópico. Los resultados muestran que durante la fase 3, el tiempo operatorio, la pérdida de sangre intraoperatoria y la estancia hospitalaria postoperatoria fueron menores que en el grupo laparoscópico. La recurrencia local ocurrió en 3 pacientes durante la fase 1 y en 1 paciente durante la fase 2.LIMITACIONES:Este estudio fue un estudio retrospectivo pequeño y se centró en un solo cirujano que realizaba la escisión mesorrectal total transanal.CONCLUSIÓN:Los resultados a corto plazo e histopatológicos son similares en comparación entre el grupo transanal y el grupo laparoscópico emparejado. La escisión mesorrectal total transanal también proporcionó buenos resultados oncológicos. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B450.

摘要

背景

自 2010 年 Sylla 和 Lacy 引入经肛门全直肠系膜切除术以来,它在结直肠外科医生中越来越受欢迎。然而,一些外科医生对其犹豫不决,因为这种新方法与腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术有很大不同,需要较长的学习曲线。

目的

本研究分析了经肛门全直肠系膜切除术的学习曲线,并比较了经肛门全直肠系膜切除术与腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术的不同阶段。

设计

这是一项回顾性病例对照研究。

地点

我们使用中山大学附属第六医院批准的结直肠癌数据库的数据。

患者

本研究涉及的患者由一位外科医生(L.K.)行经肛门全直肠系膜切除术或由经验丰富的外科医生行经肛门全直肠系膜切除术腹腔镜手术。

干预措施

行中低位直肠癌经肛门或腹腔镜切除术。

主要观察指标

围手术期并发症和切缘。

结果

共有 342 名患者被纳入两组。经肛门全直肠系膜切除术的学习曲线分为 3 个阶段。数据显示,匹配组间的人口统计学和肿瘤特征无显著差异。事实上,在第 1 阶段,只有手术时间长于腹腔镜组,而在第 2 阶段,经肛门组的结果与腹腔镜组相当。结果显示,在第 3 阶段,手术时间、术中出血量和术后住院时间均低于腹腔镜组。第 1 阶段有 3 例患者和第 2 阶段有 1 例患者发生局部复发。

局限性

本研究是一项小型回顾性研究,仅关注一位外科医生行经肛门全直肠系膜切除术。

结论

经肛门组和匹配的腹腔镜组的短期和组织病理学结果相似。经肛门全直肠系膜切除术也提供了良好的肿瘤学结果。详见视频摘要,网址:http://links.lww.com/DCR/B450。

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