Kim Minjeong, Voy Brynn H
Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 29;12:755317. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.755317. eCollection 2021.
Modern broiler chickens are incredibly efficient, but they accumulate more adipose tissue than is physiologically necessary due to inadvertent consequences of selection for rapid growth. Accumulation of excess adipose tissue wastes feed in birds raised for market, and it compromises well-being in broiler-breeders. Studies driven by the obesity epidemic in humans demonstrate that the fatty acid profile of the diet influences adipose tissue growth and metabolism in ways that can be manipulated to reduce fat accretion. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) can inhibit adipocyte differentiation, induce fatty acid oxidation, and enhance energy expenditure, all of which can counteract the accretion of excess adipose tissue. This mini-review summarizes efforts to counteract the tendency for fat accretion in broilers by enriching the diet in n-3 PUFA.
现代肉鸡生长效率极高，但由于为快速生长而进行的选育所带来的意外后果，它们积累了超出生理所需的脂肪组织。对于用于市场销售的家禽而言，过多脂肪组织的积累会造成饲料浪费，并且会影响肉种鸡的健康状况。受人类肥胖流行问题推动开展的研究表明，饮食中的脂肪酸组成会以可操控的方式影响脂肪组织的生长和代谢，从而减少脂肪堆积。ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）可以抑制脂肪细胞分化、诱导脂肪酸氧化并增加能量消耗，所有这些都可以抵消过多脂肪组织的积累。本综述总结了通过在日粮中添加n-3 PUFA来对抗肉鸡脂肪堆积趋势的相关研究。
