Hernández-Coronado Marcela, Ortiz-Ramírez Carlos
UGA Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, CINVESTAV Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Sep 30;12:745861. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.745861. eCollection 2021.
Roots have a fundamental role in plant growth and adaptation to different environments. Diversity in root morphology and architecture enables plants to acquire water and nutrients in contrasting substrate conditions, resist biotic and abiotic stress, and develop symbiotic associations. At its most fundamental level, morphology is determined by discrete changes in tissue patterning. Differences in the number and arrangement of the cell layers in the root can change tissue structure, as well as root length and girth, affecting important productivity traits. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling variation in developmental patterning is an important goal in biology. The ground tissue (GT) system is an ideal model to study the genetic basis of morphological diversity because it displays great interspecific variability in cell layer number. In addition, the genetic circuit controlling GT patterning in has been well described, although little is known about species with more complex root anatomies. In this review, we will describe the model for root radial patterning and present recent progress in elucidating the genetic circuitry controlling GT patterning in monocots and the legume , species that develop roots with more complex anatomies and multilayered cortex.
根系在植物生长及适应不同环境方面发挥着重要作用。根系形态和结构的多样性使植物能够在不同的基质条件下获取水分和养分，抵抗生物和非生物胁迫，并建立共生关系。在最基本的层面上，形态是由组织模式的离散变化决定的。根中细胞层数量和排列的差异会改变组织结构，以及根的长度和周长，从而影响重要的生产力性状。因此，了解控制发育模式变异的分子机制是生物学的一个重要目标。基本组织（GT）系统是研究形态多样性遗传基础的理想模型，因为它在细胞层数上表现出很大的种间变异性。此外，尽管对于具有更复杂根解剖结构的物种了解甚少，但控制GT模式的遗传回路在[具体物种]中已有详细描述。在这篇综述中，我们将描述根径向模式的[具体模型名称]模型，并介绍在阐明控制单子叶植物和豆科植物（这些物种的根具有更复杂的解剖结构和多层皮层）GT模式的遗传回路方面的最新进展。
